Browsing by Author "Hasan, R."
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Item Commemorating World TB Day 2020: “IT’S TIME” — It’s time to End the Global TB Epidemic(International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020-03) Yeboah-Manu, D.; Tiberi, S.; Migliori, G.B.; Chakaya, J.M.; Kaesava, T.; Abri, S.S.; Wejse, C.; Goletti, D.; Kapata, N.; Sotgiu, G.; Bomanji, J.; Zellweger, J-P.; Hasan, R.World TB Day falls on March 24th each year, and it commemorates the day in 1882 when Dr Robert Koch announced that he had discovered the microbial cause of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (WHO, 2020a,b,c). At the time of Professor Koch’s announcement in Berlin, TB was an endemic in Europe and the Americas, and caused the death of one in every seven people (Wallstedt and Maeurer, 2015). Koch’s discovery opened the way towards diagnosing, treating and curing patients with TB. One hundred and twenty eight years later, according to the WHO Annual TB Report, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB and 1.5 million died of it. Tuberculosis remains the top infectious disease killer worldwide (WHO, 2019).Item Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections—A neglected and emerging problem(International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020-02-27) Yeboah-Manu, D.; Ahmed, I.; Tiberi, S.; Farooqi, J.; Jabeen, K.; Migliori, G.B.; Hasan, R.Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous dwellers of environmental niches and are an established cause of natural and nosocomial infections. The incidence of NTM infections is rising owing to a growing population of immunocompromised and vulnerable individuals, complex medical and surgical procedures, as well as increased awareness and diagnostic capabilities. The prevalence of different NTM varies between continents, regions, and countries. The true global burden of pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease is unknown and estimates are subject to under and/or over-estimation. Diagnosis requires confirmation by isolation of NTM along with clinical and radiological criteria, which may be suboptimal at all levels. Susceptibility testing is complex and clinical breakpoints are not available for many of the drugs. Frequently, NTM infections are not considered until late in the course of disease. Improved and rapid detection of tuberculosis cases in high-burden countries has, however, also brought NTM infections into the limelight, and has identified a need for research efforts towards rapid diagnostic tests and the identification of biomarkers to monitor the treatment response in patients with NTM infections.