Browsing by Author "Dadzie, P.S."

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Access and Use of Digital Resources: A Survey of Their Value for Faculty in Three Ghanaian Universities
(De Gruyter Saur, 2015) Dadzie, P.S.; T. van der Walt
This paper is culled from a doctoral study that investigated the development and management of digital libraries in selected academic libraries in Ghana. In this article, the authors report on the value that faculty members place on access to and use of digital resources and their implications for library services in three Ghanaian universities. The survey method was used to administer a structured questionnaire to 230 faculty members. Using convenience sampling, 10% of faculty were selected from the University of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, and the University of Cape Coast. Univariate and bivariate analyses were done to construct frequencies and establish relationships among respondents. Findings showed that less than half of the faculty members were aware of and used digital resources such as the online databases, institutional repositories, the library’s website and the online public access catalogue (OPAC). Nevertheless, the impact of the resources on them was very positive. The study recommended the need for university librarians to interact with faculty during orientation sessions for new faculty as well as new heads of departments. Additionally, subject librarians should work closely with departmental heads to be allocated periods for presentation on available digital resources, their usefulness for their own career enhancement and for their teaching role. The underlying implications of this study show that more advocacies are required from university libraries to enhance the use of digital resources.
Access and use of digital resources: a survey of their value for faulty in three Ghanaian universities
(Libri,, 2015) Dadzie, P.S.; Van der Walt, T.
This paper is culled from a doctoral study that investigated the development and management of digital libraries in selected academic libraries in Ghana. In this article, the authors report on the value that faculty members place on access to and use of digital resources and their implications for library services in three Ghanaian universities. The survey method was used to administer a structured questionnaire to 230 faculty members. Using convenience sampling, 10% of faculty were selected from the University of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, and the University of Cape Coast. Univariate and bivariate analyses were done to construct frequencies and establish relationships among respondents. Findings showed that less than half of the faculty members were aware of and used digital resources such as the online databases, institutional repositories, the library’s website and the online public access catalogue (OPAC). Nevertheless, the impact of the resources on them was very positive. The study recommended the need for university librarians to interact with faculty during orientation sessions for new faculty as well as new heads of departments. Additionally, subject librarians should work closely with departmental heads to be allocated periods for presentation on available digital resources, their usefulness for their own career enhancement and for their teaching role. The underlying implications of this study show that more advocacies are required from university libraries to enhance the use of digital resources.
Assessment of Information Literacy Skills among Students of Opoku Ware and Yaa Asantewaa Girls’ Senior High Schools in Kumasi
(University of Ghana, 2016-07) Yeboah, P.; Dadzie, P.S.; Akussah, H.; University of Ghana, College of Education School of Information and Communication Studies Department of Information Studies
There has been a global acceptance of the need for students at all levels of education to acquire Information Literacy skills. Currently, there has been proliferation of information sources as information comes in various forms and it is prudent for every individual and especially students to be wise information users to assume greater control of their own learning. This study assesses the information literacy skills of students of Opoku Ware and Yaa Asantewaa Girls’ Senior High Schools in Kumasi. The main objectives of the study are to determine the students skills to access information; gather evidence on how students evaluate information; ascertain the students awareness of legal and ethical implication of information usage and finally to investigate barriers to access information by the students. The study employs the cross-sectional survey research methodology. Questionnaires were distributed to one hundred and seventy (170) students in the two schools which represent 10% of the total population. An interview was also conducted with the heads of the two schools and with the library staff of the two schools. A total of four interviewees were used. Data was analyzed with the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) in line with the objectives of the study. The findings of the study show that though both schools have libraries, they are manned by unprofessional staff that do not possess the skills to organize orientation and user education and as well teach the students to acquire the skills of Information Literacy. Further revelations show students’ lack of understanding of how to evaluate information from both print and online sources. Furthermore, only a few students from both schools were aware of the issues of legal and ethical surrounding the use of information. Some challenges to accessing information by students are the unavailability of the internet services on campus especially as in the case of Opoku Ware School and the high cost of textbooks. The study therefore recommends among other things, the incorporation of Information Literacy Program into Senior High School Students (SHS) Curriculum, provision of functional Information and Communication Technology (ICT) laboratories with Internet connectivity, employment of trained library staff and the collaboration between librarians, teaching staff and the major stakeholders in the educational sector in Ghana to promote Information Literacy programs.
Awareness and Incidence of Plagiarism among Students of Higher Education: A Case Study of Narh-Bita College
(University of Ghana, 2016-07) Abukari, Z.; Dadzie, P.S.; University of Ghana, College of Education, School of Information and Communication Studies, Department of Information studies
A series of ethical issues are on the rise in academia, especially plagiarism. In this age of information overload, more and more students and researchers are turning to the Internet for already made solutions and short-cuts for writing assignments, research papers and thesis. This culture certainly does not promote academic excellence and critical thinkers. The study examined students’ awareness and incidence of plagiarism at the Narh-Bita College. It further looked at motivations behind plagiarism and students’ knowledge of the institution’s policy on plagiarism. The study employed the survey research methodology. A total of 143 nursing and physician assistant students participated in this study. A self-reported questionnaire survey was used for collection of data. The findings of the study revealed that there was high level of awareness about plagiarism amongst the students. Findings also revealed that there was high incidence and practices of plagiarism in the academic life of the students. Poor understanding of the concept of plagiarism was ranked as the highest motivator behind plagiarism. The findings of the study further revealed that students’ knowledge on the institution’s plagiarism policy was low. The study again revealed faculty’s laxity in the enforcement of plagiarism policies. Based on the findings of the study, the study recommends among others the teaching of the concept plagiarism to promote the ethical use of information among students and the pro-active enforcement of policies on plagiarism by faculty to effectively stem the incidence of plagiarism in the college.
Awareness and use of open access journals by graduate students of the University of Ghana.
(Innovation : journal of appropriate librarianship and information work in Southern Africa : Open issue. Issue 50: 44-62, 2015) Borteye, W.; Dadzie, P.S.
The study examines the use of open access journals by graduate students of the University of Ghana. Using the survey method, a questionnaire was distributed to 200 graduate students being 5% of the target population of 3,974. The findings of the study show that the majority of students are aware of open access journals resulting in their high usage. Students indicated that open access journals increase developing countries' access to scholarly literature and promote the advancement of scientific knowledge. Nevertheless, the attitude of respondents towards open access was not very positive as many challenges were cited as obstacles to their use. The study recommends measures to address these challenges.
Change Management in Libraries: The Case of the University of Ghana Library System (UGLS)
(Library Leadership & Management, 2022) Dadzie, P.S.; Mensah, M.
In 2018, the University of Ghana Library System (UGLS) experienced an unprecedented rotation of staff within its main library and satellite libraries. The changes were long overdue, as the regular rotation of staff by the Human Resource and Organizational Development Directorate somehow, never affected library personnel. Fifty (50) Junior and senior library staff who had been in one position for more than a decade, were rotated within the UGLS. This paper reflects on how the change was achieved, the pre- and post-interviews of staff involved, and lessons learned one year later. Findings emphasize the value of communication and the structured process and transparency to make the change easier and implementation smoother. The paper concludes that regular rotation of staff and the management of such change are significant for the development of the UGLS and for the university as a whole. Recommendations for libraries in Ghana and in Africa embarking on similar staff rotation are captured in the paper.
Developing library leaders in Ghana
(Journal of Education Research and Behavioral Sciences, 2014-08) Badu, E.E.; Dadzie, P.S.
This study explores various leadership approaches i n the context of Ghanaian university libraries. Twenty-six senior librarians and faculty from the U niversity of Ghana were interviewed to determine their views on leadership styles, skills, training and barriers to developing library leaders. Finding s revealed that leaders can be developed through shor t courses, workshops, seminars and formal training. The biggest barrier to library leadership development in Ghana is attributed to shortage of funds for training. The study is limited to the Uni versity of Ghana librarians and faculty of the Department of Information Studies. Therefore, gener alizing to other library staff may be overstretching the conclusions. Nevertheless, there are important lessons to be learnt by all. The study recommends the need for training to be taken seriously in Ghan aian libraries. Additionally, the Department of Information Studies which is the only training scho ol for librarians and archivists was tasked to crea te specific leadership programmes in the curriculum.
Developing teachers’ information literacy capabilities in secondary schools in Ghana: A comparative study of two best schools in the central region
(Library Philosophy and Practice, 2017-07) Tachie-Donkor, G.; Dadzie, P.S.
This study examines the information literacy capabilities of teachers in two of the oldest secondary schools in the Central Region of Ghana. The study assesses the availability, accessibility and use of the schools’ library and internet facilities as well as in-service training programmes in relation to the acquisition of information literacy skills. The survey method was adopted and questionnaire was administered to all 211 teaching staff in the two schools. Questionnaire design was based on the literature review and research objectives. The findings confirmed the availability of fairly well-equipped libraries with internet facilities; the ability of most teachers to use these facilities to satisfy their information needs such as supplementing their teaching notes and keeping abreast with current information in their subject areas. The results also show that teachers prefer electronic sources to print sources and that there was also no in-service training in information literacy skills for teachers. The study recommends that the Ghana Education Service introduces in-service training on IL skills for teachers and that the Heads of schools should make available relevant library materials and stable internet facilities for their schools since these are important in developing teachers IL skills. Additionally, policies for incorporating IL into the curriculum were also recommended. IL among teachers in secondary schools is among the least explored topics in the field of library and information studies in Ghana.
Digitising university libraries in Ghana: how technology is facilitating access to digital content and services
(Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 33(3):95-114, 2015) Dadzie, P.S.; Van der Walt, T.
The study investigates the extent to which technological advances are affecting the development of digital libraries in universities in Ghana. Using the case study approach, interviews were conducted with university librarians and information technology (IT) officers of three public universities in Ghana. In all, six staff members (i.e., two representatives each from the three libraries at the University of Ghana (UG), the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), and the University of Cape Coast (UCC)) were interviewed. Their views on the available information communications technology (ICT) infrastructure which would enable access to digital content and services, such as online databases, institutional repositories, online public access catalogues (OPACs) and World Wide Web (www) resources, were obtained. The findings revealed that all three universities have the basic ICT infrastructure to enable users to access digital content. However, there was restricted access to the OPAC; lack of visibility of the library website; and inadequate use of Web 2.0 tools in some of the libraries. Therefore, the study recommends the hiring of more multi-skilled librarians who would provide the necessary support for digital resources and services.
E-Learning and E-Library Services at the University of Ghana: prospects and challenges
(Information Development, 3 (25): 207-217, 2009) Dadzie, P.S.
This paper investigates the prospects and challenges of using an e-learning platform, Knowledge Environment for Web-based Learning, (KEWL) by the teaching staff of the Faculty of Social Studies, University of Ghana. It also highlights the need for interoperability of e-library services within the e-learning platform. Data collected through survey questionnaires and in-depth interviews were used to examine faculty awareness and opinions, expectations and capabilities in using KEWL for teaching and learning. The analysis of the data suggests that infrastructure, technology and training should be considered by the university administrators to increase the rate of adoption of e-learning within the community. Implications for the development of strategies for e-learning and interoperability of e-library services within that platform are proposed for university administrators not only in Ghana but also for other African countries. This paper presents a modest contribution to the discourse on the integration of e-library services within the e-learning platform from a developing country’s perspective. It offers important insights into how e-library services and e-learning in developing countries can be better managed to enhance its rapid adoption.
Electronic Resources: Access and Usage at Ashesi University College
(Campus-Wide Information Systems, 2005-12) Dadzie, P.S.
Purpose – Sets out to investigate the use of electronic resources by students and faculty of Ashesi University, Ghana, in order to determine the level of use, the type of information accessed and the effectiveness of the library's communication tools for information research. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire‐based survey was utilized. It consisted of 16 questions to determine level of use, type of information accessed, assessment of library's communication tools, problems encountered when using electronic resources and ways to improve the provision of electronic information in the community. The questionnaire was distributed to all students, faculty and administrative staff in order to reduce the generalization of the results. The students were made up of four year groups categorized as YearGroupA, YearGroupB, YearGroupC, YearGroupD. The questionnaire was pre‐tested on six students from three different year groups and some amendments were made. A total of 169 questionnaires were therefore distributed and 141 completed questionnaires were returned, giving an overall response rate of 83 per cent. Survey responses were coded and input into Excel for analysis. Findings – The study found that general computer usage for information access was high because of the University's state‐of‐the art IT infrastructure. Usage of some internet resources were also very high, whilst the use of scholarly databases was quite low. The low patronage was attributed to inadequate information about the existence of these library resources. The study recommends, among others, the introduction of information competency across the curriculum and/or the introduction of a one‐unit course to be taught at all levels and the provision of more PCs on campus. Originality/value – Would be of value to library administrators considering how to determine level of use, type of information accessed, assessment of library's communication tools, problems encountered when using electronic resources and ways to improve the provision of electronic information.
Ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all: the role of Ghanaian academic libraries in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
(University of Ghana, 2016-08) Dadzie, P.S.; Martin-Yeboah, E.; Tachie-Donkor, G.
Good health and well-being are central to human development. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 highlights the aspirations of this new universal agenda towards healthy living and well-being by 2030. All institutions, stakeholders, acting in collaborative partnership are expected to help national government attain the SDGs. This paper assesses the role of ten academic libraries in Ghana in meeting the Sustainable Development Goal 3. Using the case study approach, ten librarians were interviewed to ascertain the current and future roles in attaining the SDG3, their mode of collaboration and the challenges they encounter in the implementation of SDG3. Findings reveal that librarians have been collaborating with health and allied institutions in an often subtle manner to address some health concerns of the communities they serve. Traditional authorities, youth groups, faith-based organisations as well as government agencies were identified as potent partners for libraries to collaborate with to help attain the SDG 3. Interpersonal methods such as Focus Group Discussions and role-play, as well as mass methods such as print, electronic and social media, posters and flyers were identified as efficient means to reach out to people for the purposes of ensuring healthy lives and well-being. Issues which emerged as possible threat to this effort include perceived role conflict, funding, credibility of information, community acceptance. It is recommended that for any initiative of this nature to succeed, there must be a strong policy at the local or inter-institutional level for increased cooperation. Librarians on the other hand, are expected to assert themselves and play a strong advocacy role in addressing an important national agenda such as the SDG3.
Ethical Misconduct Among Librarians In Selected Nursing Training Colleges In Ghana
(The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 2023) Owusu-Ansah, Y.; Dadzie, P.S.
Every profession is guided by ethical conduct to help maintain the status quo of the profession. This study focused on assessing the ethical misconduct among librarians in selected nursing and midwifery training colleges in Ghana. The study adopted a qualitative research technique. Four head librarians were chosen using a pur posive sampling approach each, from the three sectors demarcated by the researchers for the study. The findings from this study indicate that plagiarism is the most ethical misconduct librarians engage in, followed by violation of intellectual property rights and lack of access to information. The study also reveals that quick turnaround for searches, inadequate funds, ignorance of the code of ethics, and lack of education are the main causes of in formation ethical misconduct in librarianship. The study recommends that enough funding must be given to Nursing and Midwifery Training College (NMTC) libraries by management in order to equip them with the acquisition of legitimate materials to help curtail the violation of intellectual property rights and all other forms of ethical misconduct and dilemmas as a whole. Furthermore, the researchers propose that the Ghana Library Association which is the body responsible for librarians’ interests should revise the 2014 Library Code of Ethics and urgently hold a seminar/workshop to refresh members’ knowledge of the Code of Ethics.
An Exploration of High School Teachers’ Information Literacy in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana
(Journal of Applied Information Science, 2017-10) Tachie-Donkor, G.; Dadzie, P.S.
The concept of information literacy has gained roots in many developed countries. In developing countries and for that matter Ghana, the concept is new and evolving at a slower pace. The educational system in Ghana has not integrated information literacy skills into its educational system thus both pre-tertiary and tertiary institutions. Due to this, information literacy skill is not a taught subject in most educational institutions. Research Problem: Ghanaian second cycle institutions do not factor information literacy skills in any of their continuous professional training for teachers. For that matter, most teachers are challenged in the use of information literacy skills in the teaching and learning process in the classroom. Purpose: this study therefore set out to explore how teachers use information literacy skills as an opportunity to stay abreast with the rapid technological changes associated with the use of diverse information resources for teaching. In view of these, the study investigated and focused on determining the level of awareness of information literacy skills of teachers, ascertain the extent of training in information literacy skills for teachers, determine the kind of strategies teachers employed in using different information resources for teaching and also to determine some barriers that militate against the development of information literacy among teachers. Methodology/approach: mixed method approach was used for the study. Quantitative and qualitative instruments and observations were used to collect data from the teachers and head teachers respectively. Finding: the study provided that most of the teachers had information needs, they were aware of the gaps that existed in their subject areas and used diverse information resources available to them to fill these gaps. Teachers had a high preference for internet sources to keep abreast with information in their subject areas and also update their teaching notes. It was also evident that no training was organized for teachers in IL. However, it was found out that teachers possessed moderate levels of IL skills and employed various strategies to find information from the various sources available to them. Inadequate resources were a major challenge that affected IL development among teachers. Originality/value: the study adds up to the information literacy skills of high school teachers and how they exploit the opportunities in information literacy to support the teaching and learning activities in the classroom
Facilitating information and communication technology (ICT) adoption among research scientists in Ghana
(Library Philosophy and Practice, 2012) Dzandu, L.; Dadzie, P.S.
This study examines the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on information provision for research officers in six selected institutes of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana. It determines the levels of awareness, access to, and use of ICT facilities and services by research officers; the extent to which research officers are given training in the use of ICT, and levels of skills acquired; and the effects of ICT use on the research activities of research officers. Questionnaires and interviews are used in the data collection. The questionnaires were administered to 100 respondents from a total population of 200 research officers. The respondents include the Directors and the Librarians who were interviewed as well. The study reveals that the levels of awareness, access to, and use of computers, the Internet, and databases by research officers was very high. The study also shows that generally, the level of skills acquired in the use of ICT are high. The research also reveals that the use of ICT enhanced the work performance of the research officers. The study recommends the need for librarians in CSIR to effectively publicize the ICT facilities and services available in their institutes in order to increase awareness and patronage. The study also recommends the need for adequate and continuous training for the research officers in the use of ICT facilities and services.
Improving the Literacy of Medical Students: A Collective Knowledge Management Effort by the University for Development Studies Medical School in Ghana and the Community Surrounding the University
(US-China Education Review B, 2017-10) Alu, A.A.; Bardy, R.; Dadzie, P.S.
The purpose of the study is to show how a collective knowledge management effort was undertaken in a low-tech environment yields outcomes that benefit all participants of the effort—students and staff of a medical school, the medical profession in the community, paramedics, and the community at large. It also demonstrates that acquainting students with knowledge management skills early and improving their information literacy. If they can effectively manage their knowledge resources in close connection with all members of the society around their school, the benefits will be improving academic efficiency, diagnostic effectiveness, and feedback from medical institutions and patients. The study descends from the Medical Library Association’s definition of health information literacy. It uses a survey at the University for Development Studies (UDS) in Tamale, Ghana, to examine the information and literacy skills of its medical students. Also, it explores the level of awareness of the various databases to which the university library is subscribed, the benefits of information literacy skills, and the challenges that students face in identifying and using information sources. From there, the paper explores avenues for improving the situation of the students of which the optimal is conjoining resources in and outside the medical school. Linking faculty, students, and medical professionals in the university’s local environment in a collective endeavour for enhancing the literacy skills proper can result in a shared inventory of tools that help to discriminate, which information is needed and which is redundant. From this foundation, students would develop abilities to understand knowledge management and know how to apply it in their specific field of professionalization. The sample was selected from doctoral students in a single institution in the field of education. Also, the sample was self-selected and relatively small. There is a caveat, therefore, for generalizing the findings to other doctoral student populations. This study is useful to health administrators and faculty members, because issues concerning the importance of information literacy skills do not only apply to UDS, Tamale, but to other medical institutions in Africa as well. The study provides university libraries with reliable data on the need for and the effectiveness of information literacy instruction and it enables the librarians to strategize how to improve the instructions they provide. The medical profession highly depends on the adequacy of diagnosis and therapy selection, and for this, any medical professional must be capable to access and use state of the art information sources. There are only a few studies around the topic of medical literacy and almost none for developing countries. But the results of the other studies corroborate the findings of this paper to a great extent.
“Information access and evaluation skills of secondary school students in Ghana”
(Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 2017-05) Yeboah, P.; Dadzie, P.S.; Owusu-Ansah, C.M.
Information Literacy (IL) is a necessary skill needed by students to survive in the dynamic information environment of the 21 st century. This study explored the IL skil ls of secondary school students in Ghana with specific focus on students’ abilities in finding and evaluating information. The study was conducted in two “first - class” secondary schools in the Kumasi Metropolis of the Ashanti Region of Ghana; Opoku Ware Se nior High School and Yaa Asantewaa Girls’ Senior High School. A survey instrument was developed to assess the skills of the students in that regard. Questionnaires were distributed to an overall sample size of one hundred and seventy (170) students in the two schools. In addition, four teaching staff of the schools were also interviewed to corroborate the findings from the students. The findings revealed that students in the two schools lack the ability to effectively access information for their academic w ork. The study also discovered that students in the participating schools lack the basic skills to differentiate good information from bad ones. The study recommends, among others, the integration of IL into the secondary school curriculum in Ghana; and co llaboration between librarians, teaching staff and the Ghana Education Service to promote IL among students to promote lifelong learning.
Information Literacy among Post Graduate Students of the University of Ghana
(Library Philosophy and Practice, 2016) Dorvlo, S.S.; Dadzie, P.S.
Information has become so important for decision making in today's world. The problem of information used to be scarcity of information but in the current century it has become abundance of information. This is as a result of the development of various media of information, for example information from books and the internet. The development of information communication and technologies has escalated the problem of information that is, too much information for people to choose from for decision making. Information literacy is the surest way of helping solve the problem of choosing the right information from the abundance of information from various media. The purpose of the study is to investigate the information literacy levels among post graduate students of tertiary institutions, specifically the University of Ghana. The survey method was used to collect data for the study. The number of students involved was 151 in number giving an overall response rate of 56.98%. The variables considered in this study include: concept identification, search strategies, search tools, evaluation of information and the legal and ethical use of information. Most students knew how to identify concepts whereas most of them were not skilled in the use of search strategies, search tools and the evaluation of information. However, some of them knew about copyright issues. This result shows that the majority of the post graduate students are not information literate. The study recommends that information literacy education should be introduced into the curricular of the University of Ghana as a full course which needs to be credit bearing. Information literacy should also be integrated into the research method course that is offered by every department and school. More library professionals should be employed to teach the course more effectively and efficiently.
Information literacy for public libraries
(Ghana Library Journal,, 2013) Dadzie, P.S.
The ability to read and write in order to make critical and analytical meaning of what has been read is important. However, with the rapid changing environment where information is abundant in a variety of media and the quality of information uncertain, one needs more than these literacy skills and competencies to survive in today’s technological world. Today’s world requires individuals to be information literate, possessing the skills and abilities to locate, evaluate, use and communicate information in an ethical manner in order to participate in societal affairs and to have an informed opinion about problems occurring locally, nationally or internationally. Information literacy forms the basis of life-long learning which encompasses all forms of learning through formal, non-formal and informal settings. This paper addresses the importance of information literacy and life-long learning in our world today and establishes the need for public libraries to rethink and renew their roles in enhancing them as society is rapidly changing. A profile of the Ghana Library Authority, the institution responsible for public, school and college libraries in Ghana is presented. The services and challenges of the Authority are also highlighted. Based on these, strategies for promoting information literacy in public libraries in Ghana are recommended.
Information literacy in higher education: Overview of initiatives at two Ghanaian Universities
(African Journal of Library Archives and Information Science, 2009) Dadzie, P.S.
The paper examines information literacy (IL) initiatives in two universities in Ghana, namely: the University of Ghana and the University of Cape Coast. IL initiatives such as library literacy, computer and media literacy and communication skills literacy carried out at the two universities for their students are described. Information on the IL activities was obtained from various interviews held with directors, heads of departments or officers in charge of the different programmes. Some challenges in the programmes include the lack of collaboration between departments running IL programmes, the large number of students undertaking the courses, inadequate staff and the cumbersome mode of access to and delivery of the IL programmes. Among the recommendations for improved information literacy programmes include commitment by the university management, improvements in information technology infrastructure, fostering of effective partnerships between the library and the teaching faculty, as well as a review of the curriculum of the library schools to include a new core course in information literacy.