Browsing by Author "Collins, F.S."
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Item Agouti-related protein promoter variant associated with leanness and decreased risk for diabetes in West Africans(International Journal of Obesity, 2006-04) Bonilla, C.; Panguluri, R.K.; Taliaferro-Smith, L.; Argyropoulos, G.; Chen, G.; Adeyemo, A.A.; Amoah, A.; Owusu, S.; Acheampong, J.; Agyenim-Boateng, K.; Eghan Jr., B.A.; Oli, J.; Okafor, G.; Abbiyesuku, F.; Johnson, T.; Rufus, T.; Fasanmade, O.; Chen, Y.; Collins, F.S.; Dunston, G.M.; Rotimi, C.; Kittles, R.A.Objective: The role of the central melanocortin system in the development of obesity has been extensively studied. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within several candidate genes have been associated with food intake and obesity-related phenotypes; however, few of these associations have been replicated. SNPs in the agouti-related protein (AGRP) gene coding (Ala67Thr, 199G/A) and promoter (-38C/T) have been reported to be associated with body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM) and percent body fat, in populations of European and African descent. In this study, we evaluated the association between the functional AGRP -38C/T promoter SNP and weight-related traits, namely BMI, FM and fat-free mass (FFM), as well as diabetes status. Design: An association study of the AGRP -38C/T SNP and indices of obesity and diabetes status. Subjects: A well-characterized population of 538 West Africans from Ghana and Nigeria recruited in the AADM (Africa America Diabetes Mellitus) study (mean age 52 years, 41.3% males, 71% diabetic). Measurements: Genotyping of the AGRP -38C/T SNP, BMI, FM, FFM and fasting plasma glucose. Results: Women carrying two copies of the variant T allele had significantly lower BMI (OR = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.25-0.87). Also, men with at least one copy of the variant T allele were over two times less likely to be diabetic than other men (OR = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22-0.89). Conclusion: Our results replicate previous findings and implicate the AGRP -38C/T SNP in the regulation of body weight in West Africans.Item Calpain-10 gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in West Africans: The Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) Study(Annals of Epidemiology, 2005-02) Chen, Y.; Kittles, R.; Zhou, J.; Chen, G.; Adeyemo, A.; Panguluri, R.K.; Chen, W.; Amoah, A.; Opoku, V.; Acheampong, J.; Agyenim-Boateng, K.; Eghan Jr., B.A.; Nyantaki, A.; Oli, J.; Okafor, G.; Ofeogbu, E.; Osotimehin, B.; Abbiyesuku, F.; Johnson, T.; Fasanmade, O.; Rufus, T.; Furbert-Harris, P.; Daniel, H.I.; Berg, K.A.; Collins, F.S.; Dunston, G.M.; Rotimi, C.N.To investigate whether the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), SNP-43, -56, and -63 of CAPN10 were associated with type 2 diabetes in a West African cohort. A total of 347 diabetic subjects and 148 unaffected controls from four ethnic groups in two West African countries were enrolled in this study. After genotyping three SNPs of CAPN10 and one SNP from CYP19, the allele, genotype, and haplotype frequencies as well as the odds ratios were calculated to test their association with type 2 diabetes. None of the alleles or genotypes was associated with type 2 diabetes. Although statistical analysis indicated that haplotype 221 was associated with type 2 diabetes (OR, 3.765; 95% CI, 1.577-8.989) in the two ethnic groups of Nigeria, the same haplotype did not show any association with type 2 diabetes in the two ethnic groups in Ghana (OR, 0.906; 95% CI, 0.322-2.552). Considering the relatively low frequency of haplotype 221 and that none of the haplotypes including 221 was associated with any of the diabetes-related quantitative traits tested, it is concluded that SNP-43, -56, and -63 of the CAPN10 gene variants may play a limited role in the risk of type 2 diabetes risks in this cohort of West Africans.