Browsing by Author "Bose, C."
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Item Anemia and iron deficiency in pregnant Ghanaian women from urban areas.(International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2008-04) Engmann, C.; Adanu, R.; Lu, T.; Bose, C.; Lozoff, B.Objectives: To determine the prevalence and identify risk factors for iron deficiency and anemia in pregnant Ghanaian women from urban areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 452 healthy pregnant women receiving prenatal care in Accra, Ghana, was conducted. A sociodemographic health questionnaire was performed and hematologic parameters were measured. Logistic regression methods were used to identify risk factors for anemia and iron status. Results: Complete data were available for 428 women. Anemia (hemoglobin < 11 g/dL) was present in 144 (34%), iron deficiency (ferritin ≤ 16 μg/L) in 69 (16%), and iron deficiency anemia in 32 (7.5%) women. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for anemia was 3.4 and 9.8 if iron deficiency and malaria parasitemia were present, respectively; the OR was 0.6 if women were at ≥ 36 weeks of pregnancy. The adjusted OR for iron deficiency was 2.7 if women were at ≥ 36 weeks of pregnancy and 0.12 if they had sickle trait. Conclusion: Although anemia and iron deficiency remain substantial problems in pregnant Ghanaian women from urban areas, their prevalence is less than previously reported. © 2007 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.Item Evaluating the effectiveness of a strategy for teaching neonatal resuscitation in West Africa(Resuscitation, 2009-08) Enweronu-Laryea, C.; Engmann, C.; Osafo, A.; Bose, C.Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a strategy for teaching neonatal resuscitation on the cognitive knowledge of health professionals who attend deliveries in Ghana, West Africa. Methods: Train-the-trainer model was used to train health professionals at 2-3 day workshops from 2003 to 2007. Obstetric Anticipatory Care and Basic Neonatal Care modules were taught as part of Neonatal Resuscitation Training package. American Neonatal Resuscitation Program was adapted to the clinical role of participants and local resources. Cognitive knowledge was evaluated by written pre- and post-training tests. Results: The median pre-training and post-training scores were 38% and 71% for midwives, 43% and 81% for nurses, 52% and 90% for nurse anaesthetists, and 62% and 98% for physicians. All groups of the 271 professionals (18 nurse anaesthetists, 55 nurses, 68 physicians, and 130 midwives) who completed the course showed significant improvement (p < 0.001) in median post-training test scores. Midwives at primary health care facilities were less likely to achieve passing post-test scores than midwives at secondary and tertiary facilities [35/53 vs. 24/26 vs. 45/51 (p = 0.004)] respectively. Conclusion: Evidence-based neonatal resuscitation training adapted to local resources significantly improved cognitive knowledge of all groups of health professionals. Further modification of training for midwives working at primary level health facilities and incorporation of neonatal resuscitation in continuing education and professional training programs are recommended. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.