Browsing by Author "Baiden, P."
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Item An Assessment of Residents’ Housing Satisfaction and Coping in Accra, Ghana(Springer, 2011) Baiden, P.; Arku, G.; Luginaah, I.; Asiedu, A.B.Aim: The present paper is an original research that explores housing satisfaction and residents’ ability to cope with day-to-day demands, taking into account other dimensions of housing and socio-demographic factors. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional survey (n=562) was randomly administered to residents in three neighbour-hoods (Labone, Asylum Down and Nima) in Accra, Ghana. The association between the outcome variables and housing attributes were analysed using logistic regression. Results: The findings indicate that housing satisfaction was significantly predicted by age, with older people more likely to be dissatisfied with their housing arrangement. Respondents were dissatisfied with housing arrangements if they lived in Nima [odds ratio (OR) =2.75, p<.001], Asylum Down (OR=1.72, p<.01), crowded households (OR=1.158, p<.05) or in compound houses (OR=2.50, p<.001). In the context of housing attribute variables, respondent’s ability to cope with day-to-day demands was significantly associated to their income level. Odour annoyance as an indicator of housing condition emerged as a strong predictor of respondent’s inability to cope with daily demands with OR ranging from 1.68 to 2.33. Those who were dissatisfied with the location of their home as a place to live also reported poor coping abilities (OR=1.86, p<.01). Discussion and conclusions: From the findings, government policy on housing should encourage the construction of more affordable housing units to ease the crowding situation in Accra. There is also a need for the Accra City Council to provide clearer guidelines for both tenants and landlords in response to increasing tenancy disputes in context.Item Bullying victimization as a predictor of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among senior high school students in Ghana: Results from the 2012 Ghana Global School-Based Health Survey(Journal of School Violence, 2018-07) Baiden, P.; Kuuire, V.Z.; Shrestha, N.; Tonui, B.C.; Dako-Gyeke, M.; Peters, K.K.This paper examined the effect of bullying victimization on suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among adolescents in Ghana. Data on 1,633 students ages 14–18 years (50.6% males) were analyzed using logistic regression. We found that 17% of the 1,633 adolescents examined reported experiencing suicidal thoughts and about 21% of the 1,633 adolescents attempted suicide at some point during the past year. Prevalence of bullying was reported among 40% of the adolescents. Importantly, we found that the experience of bullying victimization was a significant predictor of both suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. While factors such as loneliness, anxiety, and use of illicit substances were positively associated with suicidal behaviors, participating in physical activity, having friends, and parental support reduced the likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation. We make several policy recommendations, including educational programs on suicidal behaviors, antibullying interventions, and social support programs within schools and other social settings.Item An examination of the association between risky sexual behaviors and suicidal behaviors among adolescents: Findings from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey(Springer, 2021) Baiden, P.; Jahan, N.; Mets, V.E.; Adeku, Y.Although various studies have examined the association between risky sexual behaviors and mental health outcomes, few studies have investigated the association between risky sexual behaviors and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between risky sexual behaviors and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents from the United States. Data for this study came from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. An analytic sample of 5,125 adolescents aged 14–18 years (50.1% female) who have ever had sexual intercourse was analyzed using binary logistic regression. The outcome variables examined were suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, and the main explanatory variable was risky sexual behaviors. Among the 5,125 adolescents who have ever had sexual intercourse, 22.8% experienced suicidal ideation, and 11.6% attempted suicide during the past 12 months. In the multivariable logistic regression, adolescents who had unprotected sexual intercourse had 1.24 times higher odds of reporting suicidal ideation (AOR = 1.24, p < .05, 95% CI = 1.01–1.54). In addition, adolescents who had four or more sexual partners in their lifetime had 1.61 times higher odds of making a suicide attempt (AOR = 1.61, p < .001, 95% CI = 1.25–2.07). Other significant factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts include being a sexual minority, being a victim of sexual violence, experiencing school bullying and cyberbullying victimization, having symptoms of depression, and misusing prescription pain medication. The findings of the present study highlight the association between risky sexual behaviors and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents.Item Examining the association between prescription opioid misuse and suicidal behaviors among adolescent high school students in the United States(Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2019-03) Baiden, P.; Graaf, G.; Zaami, M.; Acolatse, C.K.; Adeku, Y.Although some studies have examined the association between prescription opioid misuse and mental health outcomes, few studies have examined the effects of prescription opioid misuse on suicidal behaviors among adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the association between prescription opioid misuse and suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt among adolescents. Data for this study came from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. A sample of 8,830 adolescents aged 14-18 years (50.9% female) were analyzed using logistic regression with suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt as outcome variables and prescription opioid misuse as the main explanatory variable. Of the 8,830 adolescents, 13.3% ever misused prescription opioids; 17.7% experienced suicidal ideation, 13.3% made a suicide plan, and 6.5% attempted suicide during the past 12 months. In the multivariate logistic regression models, adolescent students who misused prescription opioids were 1.50 times more likely to have experienced suicidal ideation, 1.44 times more likely to have made a suicide plan, and 1.58 times more likely to have attempted suicide during the past 12 months when compared to their counterparts who did not misuse prescription opioids. Other significant predictors of suicidal behaviors include sexual minority, history of sexual assault, traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization, feeling sad or hopeless, cigarette smoking, and illicit drug use. The findings of the present study demonstrate the harmful effects of prescription opioid misuse and its association with suicidal behaviors among adolescents.Item Examining the effects of household food insecurity on school absenteeism among Junior High School students: findings from the 2012 Ghana global school-based student health survey(AFRICAN GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, 2019-06-12) Dako-Gyeke, M.; Baiden, P.; Boateng, G.O.; Acolatse, C.K.; Peters, K.E.This study examined the effects of household food insecurity on school absenteeism among Junior High School students in Ghana. Data for this study were drawn fromthe 2012 Ghana Global School-based Health Survey. A sample of 1,121 students aged 11–18 years were analyzed using binary logistic regression with school absenteeism as the outcome variable. Of the 1,121 students examined, more than half (58.1%) were from food insecure households and 39.8% missed school without permission during the past 30 days. Adjustng for multiple predictors, students from food insecure households had 1.56 times higher odds of missing school without permission relative to those from food secure households. Other predictors of school absenteeism include being a victim of bullying, being involved in fighting in school, feeling lonely, history of suicidal ideation, alcohol use, and illicit substance use. Parental support had a protective effect on school absenteeism such that, for each additional increase in parental support score, the odds of school absenteeism were predicted to decrease by 4%. Addressing both distal and structural drivers of food insecurity is critical in reducing school absenteeism and improving student enrollment and school attendance.Item Exposure to neighborhood violence and insufficient sleep among adolescents in the United States: Findings from a population-based study(Children and Youth Services Review, 2024) Baiden, P.; Mets, V.E.; Broni, M.N.Although studies have investigated and found an association between victimization and insufficient sleep among adolescents, few studies have examined the association between exposure to neighborhood violence and insuf ficient sleep among adolescents. The objective of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional association between exposure to neighborhood violence and insufficient sleep among adolescents. Data for this study came from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. An analytic sample of 17,033 adolescents aged 14–18 (51.7 % male) was analyzed using binary logistic regression. The outcome variable investigated was insufficient sleep, and the main explanatory variable was exposure to neighborhood violence. Of the 17,033 adolescents, 76.5 % did not obtain the recommended 8 hours of sleep on an average school night, and 18.7 % were exposed to neighborhood violence. Controlling for the effects of other factors, exposure to neighborhood violence was associated with 1.33 times higher odds of having insufficient sleep (AOR = 1.33, 95 % CI = 1.13–1.58). Adolescents were more likely to get insufficient sleep if they were older, non-Hispanic Black, had poor mental health during COVID, felt sad or hopeless, engaged in excessive screen-time behaviors, or used alcohol. Physical activity, school connectedness, and parental monitoring all had protective effects on insufficient sleep. This study found that exposure to neighborhood violence was associated with insufficient sleep among adolescents over and above demographic and other covariates. Future studies that employ longitudinal designs may offer additional insight into the mechanisms underlying the association between exposure to neighborhood violence and insufficient sleep.Item Housing and health in three contrasting neighbourhoods in Accra, Ghana(Elsevier, Social Science & Medicine, 2011) Arku, G.; Luginaah, I.; Mkandawire, P.; Baiden, P.; Asiedu, A.B.Although the literature on housing and health is extensive, most research comes from developed countries. Relatively little work on the topic has been done in developing countries such as Ghana where socio-economic and cultural characteristics are generally different. This paper reports on primary research that investigates the relationship between housing and self reported general and mental health in Accra, Ghana. The study focused on how the social and economic dimensions of housing, specifically, demand, control and material attributes (affordability, dwelling type) influence individuals’ attachment to their home as a refuge for daily living. A cross-sectional survey was administered to a randomly selected sample (n ¼ 562) in three contrasting neighbourhoods. Overall, housing conditions, demand and control residents have to where they live, emerged as significant predictors of self reported general and mental health status. The influence of these variables superseded well known correlates of health status, income and educational attainment, attesting to their importance in a worsening housing environment. The findings point to the need for policy that recognizes that housing is not only a physical shelter but also an important health resource.Item Investigating the co-occurrence of marijuana use and prescription opioid misuse with multiple suicide attempts among adolescents with a history of suicidal ideation(Psychiatry Research, 2023) Baiden, P.; Wood, B.; Mets, V.E.; et al.This study investigated the co-occurrent association of marijuana use and prescription opioid misuse with multiple suicide attempts among adolescents with a history of suicidal ideation. Data came from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. The sample was comprised of adolescents ages 14–18 who reported suicidal ideation during the past year (n = 2,562). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the co-occurring asso ciation of marijuana use and prescription opioid misuse with multiple suicide attempts. Of the 2,562 adolescents who experienced suicidal ideation, 19.2 % also attempted suicide multiple times during the past year and 19.0 % reported ever using marijuana and misusing prescription opioids, 8.8 % misused prescription opioids only, and 33.3 % used marijuana only. In the multivariate model, for adolescents who used marijuana and misused pre scription opioid, the risk of attempting suicide once was 1.77 times higher (RRR = 1.77, 95 % CI = 1.22–2.59) and the risk of multiple suicide attempts was 3.23 times higher (RRR = 3.23, 95 % CI = 1.95–5.33) when compared to adolescents who had never used marijuana nor misused prescription opioid. The risk of multiple suicide attempts was greater for bisexual and racial/ethnic minority adolescents and adolescents who felt sad or hopeless. Interventions that prevent prescription opioid misuse among adolescents may be effective in mitigating suicide attempts.Item Perceived racial discrimination and polysubstance use among racial/ethnic minority adolescents in the United States(Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2023) Baiden, P.; Onyeaka, H.K.; Mets, V.E.; et al.Objective: Polysubstance use among adolescents is a significant public health concern, yet most studies on adolescent substance use focus on a singular substance. This study is one of the first to investigate the association between perceived racial discrimination (PRD) in school and polysubstance use among racial/ethnic minority adolescents using a nationally representative sample. Methods: Data was from the 2021 Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey. The sample included 4145 racial/ethnic minority adolescents (52.8% female). Hierarchical binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between PRD in school and polysubstance use among racial/ethnic minority adolescents. Results: About 12% of racial/ethnic minority adolescents engaged in polysubstance use and 23.4% reported experiencing PRD in school sometimes/most of the time/always. Controlling for other factors, experiencing PRD in school sometimes/most of the time/always was associated with 1.52 times higher odds of polysubstance use when compared to adolescents who never experienced PRD in school (OR=1.52, p=.044, 95% CI=1.01–2.30). Cyberbullying victimization, symptoms of depression, and being emotionally abused by a parent during COVID 19 were also associated with polysubstance use. Conclusion: Controlling for demographic characteristics and psychosocial stressors, PRD in school was significantly associated with higher odds of polysubstance use among racial/ethnic minority adolescents. The findings of this study could inform clinicians and policymakers of the association between PRD in school and polysubstance use, which could contribute to early identification of polysubstance use among racial/ethnic minority adolescents.Item Prevalence of youth experiencing homelessness and its association with suicidal thoughts and behaviors: Findings from a population-based study(Psychiatry Research, 2024) Baiden, P.; LaBrenz, C.A.; Broni, M.N.; et al.Although various studies have examined factors associated with suicidal behaviors among youth, few studies have investigated the association between youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) using a large nationally representative sample. The objectives of this study were to investigate prevalence of YEH and its association with STBs. Data for this study came from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. An analytic sample of 17,033 youth aged 14–18 (51.7 % male) was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Of the 17,033 youth examined, 3 % experienced homelessness during the past 30 days, 21.3 % experienced suicidal ideation, 17.3 % made a suicide plan, and 10.9 % attempted suicide during the past 12 months. Controlling for demographic characteristics and feeling sad or hopeless, YEH was associated with 2.48 times higher odds of experiencing suicidal ideation (AOR=2.48, p<.001), 2.46 times higher odds of making a suicide plan (AOR=2.46, p<.001), and 4.38 times higher odds of making a suicide attempt (AOR=4.38, p<.001). The findings of this study highlight the importance of identifying youth who are at risk of experiencing home lessness to ensure early interventions are put in place to prevent suicidal behaviors.Item Racial/ethnic differences in adolescents’ non-response to suicide attempt: Findings from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2015–2019(Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2023) Baiden, P.; Baiden, P.; Mets, V.E.; et al.Racial/ethnic minority adolescents are at greater risk of attempting suicide compared to their White counter parts. Yet, racial/ethnic minority adolescents are more likely to not respond to questions on suicidal behaviors. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between race/ethnicity and missing response to suicide attempt among adolescents in the United States. Data for this study were obtained the 2015–2019 na tional Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 40,360). The outcome variable investigated in this study was missing response to suicide attempt and the main explanatory variable was race/ethnicity. Two hierarchical binary lo gistic regression models were fitted to examine the association between race/ethnicity and missing response to suicide attempt. Of the 40,036 adolescents, 13.4% had missing response to suicide attempt. Controlling for the effects of demographic factors and symptoms of depression, adolescents who self-identified as non-Hispanic Black had more than threefold higher odds of having missing response to suicide attempt when compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts (AOR = 3.62, p < .001, 95% CI = 2.45–5.34). Adolescent males and adolescents questioning their sexual identity had higher odds of having missing response to suicide attempt. Adolescents with depressive symptoms had lower odds of having missing response to suicide attempt. Missing response to suicide attempt among adolescents continues to differ by race/ethnicity and other demographic factors. The use of a single item in assessing suicide attempt history may be inadequate in capturing national estimates of adolescent suicide metrics.