Browsing by Author "Arthur, I."
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Item Intestinal parasitic infections and risk factors: A cross-sectional survey of some school children in a suburb in Accra, Ghana(BioMed Central Ltd., 2015) Forson, A.O.; Arthur, I.; Olu-Taiwo, M.; Glover, K.K.; Pappoe-Ashong, P.J.; Ayeh-Kumi, P.F.Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and establish some risk factors associated with the acquisition of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in school children in Accra, Ghana. Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 15%. Giardia lamblia (10%) and Schistosoma mansoni (1.7%) were the common parasites found. Out of the 15% students postive for intestinal parasites, 13.6% had single parasites and 1.3% had double parasitic infections. Children between the ages of 4-5 and 6-7 years (20% each) had the most parasitic infections. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was not significantly related to gender (p = 0.1451), and source of drinking water (p = 0.8832). However, a statistically significant association between children infected with parasites and close proximity to domestic animals or pets was observed (p = 0.0284). Continuous education on personal hygiene, environmental sanitation and deworming of domestic animals or pets are required to reduce the prevalence of intestinal parasites in school children in Accra.Item The Place of Military Coup D` Etat in African Politics: The Case of 2013 Egypt Military Coup D` Etat.(2015-07) Arthur, I.The study set out to investigate the place of military coup d`etat in the conduct of world politics and the level of impression to which military coup d`etat has had on the development of contemporary African politics, with special focus on the 2013 Egypt military coup that led to the overthrow of Mohammed Morsi. The study is on the context of the local, regional and international socio-political, economic, and psychological factors which appeared to have tremendously influenced the cause of military coups in Africa. It found out that after the Cold War, the military and politics seem to have been odd bed-fellows because liberal democratic governance and human rights and freedoms seemed to have characterized the international system. The military was viewed as a state actor that is tasked with the responsibility of protecting the country against external aggression. The resurgence of the military in the conduct of African politics in the aftermath of the Cold War seems to be a clear manifestation of the fact that the military is a powerful force to reckon with in the study and practice of world politics. The study also examined the causes of military coup d` in the conduct of African politics. It found out that although, the influence of military coup d` in African politics appears to have had to its credit both positive and negative effects in the international system, these effects whether good or bad seem to have impacted on one way or the other the relationship between and among states and non-state actors in the international system. The study also found out that the credibility of the military as a tangible determinant of state power may be questionable based on the way and manner it seizes and controls political power. Finally, the study also found out that as a result of the rational actor model of foreign policy decision making the Nations State, which appears to be the primary actor in world politics most often than not consider their foreign policy interest at the expense of good governance, rule of law and human rights. This becomes more manifest in the 2013 Egypt military coup d`etat, which was subjected to varied standpoints by both states and non state actors, where states like the US, UK, France, Saudi Arabia, China, Western media failed to describe the ouster of a democratically elected president Mohammed Morsi as a military coup d`etat. Whiles Turkey, Qatar, Iran, al-Shabab, Hamas and others also interpreted and condemned it as a military coup.Item The role of family size, employment and education of parents in the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in school children in Accra(2018-02) Forson, A.O.; Arthur, I.; Ayeh-Kumi, P.F.Introduction Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) in school children are a public health problem in most developing countries. Methods and principal findings A cross sectional survey was conducted from May to July 2016 with school children living in overcrowded urban slums in Accra, Ghana. A simple random sample of 300 children aged 2–9 years was collected. The study used structured pre-tested questionnaire and stool tests to obtain information on epidemiological, sanitation habits, employment and education status of parents and children. Data were analysed using appropriate descriptive, univariate and multivariable logistic tools of analyses. The mean age of participants was 6.9 years and 49% were males and 51.3% were females. Giardia lamblia was found in males (10.95%) and females (7.79%). Very low prevalences for Schistosoma mansoni, Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia species, and Entamoeba coli were detected. Whilst children from mothers (62.2%) and fathers (55.6%) with no education were often infected, a few children from fathers (22.2%) and mothers (6.7%) with no jobs were infected. Most of the infected children’s (93.7%) parents did not have any knowledge of IPIs. The educational and employment status of the mothers [p = 1.0 and p = 0.422] was not significant, however, the family size was a predisposing factor (p = 0.031) for parasitic infections. Conclusions Intestinal parasites were prevalent in children from overcrowded families and with no knowledge of IPIs. Educative programmes on IPIs, improving hygiene, and application of supportive programmes to elevate socioeconomic conditions may help reduce the burden of intestinal parasite carriage in children. © 2018 Forson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.