Browsing by Author "Abdulai, J."
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Item Design and Implementation of an Integrated Web Application for the Motor Traffic and Transport Directorate of the Ghana Police Service(Science and Development, 2018) Abdulai, J.A major challenge facing most organisations is how to share data and services in a timely and cost effective manner to simplify business processes. Integrating new application modules or devices with an existing system smoothly and without any discernible errors or complications is a major issue. A framework for creating rapidly loosely coupled service applications components, the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), which meets time and cost constraints, has been proposed. In this paper, we report on the adoption of an iterative approach to implement an integrated web based information system for the Motor Transport and Traffic Directorate (MTTD) of the Ghana Police Service. The system is developed as a set of independent web applications sharing a database to provide a single and easy point of information access. In each iteration, a composite of the system is designed and tested, thus meeting the project design objectives.Item The Effect of Government Size, Foreign Direct Investment, On Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa(2019-07) Abdulai, J.It has long been argued that a country cannot develop without government. However, researchers have diverse opinions with regards to the impact of government size on economic growth. Whiles some researchers (Ahuja, 2013; Zareen & Qayyum, 2014) argue that large government size is most likely to enhance economic growth, other researchers (Armey, 1995; Vedder & Gallaway, 1998) believe that higher government expenditure has a tendency to harm economic growth. The third group of researchers believes that the full presence or total absence of government has its own consequences. The contributions of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in an economy, especially, emerging economies cannot be overemphasised. As argued by some scholars (Odozi 1995; Makki & Somwura, 2004) FDI is a key driver of an economy. FDI is a significant source of development financing which contributes extensively to growth. The effect of government size and FDI on economic growth has, however, received less attention in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. This study empirically explores the impact of government size and FDI on economic growth in SSA. Data for this study was sourced from World development indicators, for 42 SSA countries covering the period 2000-2016. The model for the study was estimated using the panel regression techniques. The study considered unobserved country heterogeneity and corrected for heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. The study found that government size and FDI both have a positive significant effect on the economic growth of SSA countries. The study, therefore, recommends that governments of SSAItem Network Performance Metrics for Energy Efficient Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)(Hindawi, 2021) Engmann, F.; Adu-Manu, K.S.; Abdulai, J.; Katsriku, F.A.In Wireless Sensor Networks, sensor nodes are deployed to ensure continuous monitoring of the environment which requires high energy utilization during the data transmission. To address the challenge of high energy consumption through frequent independent data transmission, the IEEE 802.11b provides a backoff window that reduces collisions and energy losses. In the case of Internet of Things (IoTs), billions of devices communicate with each other simultaneously. Therefore, adapting the contention/ backoff window size to data traffic to reduce congestion has been one such approach in WSN. In recent years, the IEEE 802.11b MAC protocol is used in most ubiquitous technology adopted for devices communicating in the IoT environment. In this paper, we perform a thorough evaluation of the IEEE 802.11b standard taking into consideration the channel characteristics for IoT devices. Our evaluation is aimed at determining the optimum parameters suitable for network optimization in IoT systems utilizing the IEEE 802.11b protocol. Performance analysis is made on the sensitivity of the IEEE 802.11b protocol with respect to the packet size, packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay, and energy consumption. Our studies have shown that for optimal performance, IoT devices using IEEE 802.11b channel require data packet of size 64 bytes, a data rate of 11Mbps, and an interpacket generation interval of 4 seconds. The sensitivity analysis of the optimal parameters was simulated using NS3. We observed PDR values ranging between 27% and 31%, an average end-to-end delay ranging within 10-15 ms while the energy remaining was between 5.59 and 5.63Joules. The results clearly indicate that scheduling the rate of packet generation and transmission will improve the network performance for IoT devices while maintaining data reliability.Item The Perceived Roles of Speech and Language Therapists in the Management of Cleft Lip And/Or Palate in Accra, Ghana.(University of Ghana, 2018-07) Abdulai, J.Background: Cleft lip and/or palate is a craniofacial abnormality, usually congenital, which occurs when the oral and nasal tissues do not merge during the development of the fetus. Research has shown that it has adverse effects on the child’s feeding, dentition, respiration, hearing which in turn, affects speech. For effective long term outcomes, research from developed countries show that cleft lip and/or palate management requires, a multidisciplinary approach involving plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, anesthetists, dentists, audiologists, dieticians, pediatricians and speech and language therapists amongst others. General Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the perceptions of specialist healthcare professionals, involved in the management of cleft lip and/or palate in Accra-Ghana about the roles that speech and language therapists play within the multidisciplinary team. Methodology: The purposive sampling technique was used to obtain nine (9) participants for the study. The inclusion criteria for participants included being specialist healthcare professionals involved in the management of cleft lip and/or palate. All participants undertook a semi structured interview, using a topic guide. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Using thematic analysis, three (3) emergent themes, comprised of seven (7) sub-themes that addressed the research questions for the study were attained. The overarching themes were “knowledge for all through education”, “posting future clinicians”, “speech and language therapy as a profession and the roles of a speech and language therapist”. The findings and implications for the development of speech and language therapy as part of the multidisciplinary cleft lip and/or palate care in Accra, Ghana are discussed.Item Redefining the Concept of Big Data: A Ghanaian Perspective(Science and Development, 2018) Abdulai, J.The world is on the verge of a data tsunami. Voluminous amounts of unstructured data are being generated using different technologies. To manage the huge amounts of data being generated, a new concept of ‘Big Data’ has evolved. The emergence of ‘Big Data’ is leading to real transformation in the business world. Governments and commercial enterprises on the African continent are beginning to take an interest in the use of technologies associated with Big Data for the analysis of enormous amount of data they currently generate and they wish to do so in real time. The advances being made in big data technologies have fuelled this uptake. Until recently companies in Ghana did not realize the utility of big data analytics due mainly to lack of knowledge and the limited penetration of these technologies. Increasingly, however, these companies now realize the difference in value that data analytics could make to their decision making process and to develop strategies that will give them competitive advantage. It has become clear to many of these corporate organizations that they are in possession of large volumes of data which, if properly analysed, can provide them with a wealth of knowledge to run their businesses more efficiently and productively. The analytic necessary to the understanding of these wealth of data are provided by big data technologies. This paper seeks to redefine the concept of big data and reviews its development, the potential impact that big that can have on a developing economy, the sectors of the economy of Ghana that stand to gain most from adoption of big data technologies and how these can be achieved. We propose that big data concept be defined more objectively by the use of a function. The paper shows how big data can be leveraged for rapid economic advancement. The paper additionally examines the investment prospects of adopting big data technologies for the economic environment of Ghana and some of the issues that organizations must resolve to successfully implement the technologies in Ghana.Item Soil Medium Electromagnetic Scattering Model for the Study of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks(Hindawi, 2021) Banaseka, F.K.; Franklin, H.; Katsriku, F.A.; Abdulai, J.; Ekpezu, A.; Wiafe, I.In recent years, there has been keen interest in the area of Internet of Things connected underground, and with this is the need to fully understand and characterize their operating environment. In this paper, a model, based on the Peplinski principle, for the propagation of waves in soils that takes into account losses attributable to the presence of local inhomogeneity is proposed. In the work, it is assumed that the inhomogeneities are obstacles such as stones or pebbles, of moderate size, all identical and randomly distributed in space. A new wave number is obtained through a combination of the multiple scattering theory and the Peplinski principle. Since the latter principle considers the propagation in a homogeneous medium (without obstacles), the wave number it provides is inserted into the one resulting from the former, the multiple scattering theory. The effective wave number thus obtained is compared numerically with that of Peplinski alone on the one hand and with that of multiple scattering alone on the other hand. The phase velocity and the loss tangent are analyzed against the particle concentration at the low-frequency Rayleigh limit condition (ka ≲ 0:1) and against the frequency at two particle concentrations (c = 0:2 and c = 0:4), two particle radii (a = 0:55 cm and a = 1:10 cm), and 5% and 50% volumetric water content of the soil. Path losses are also compared to each other to examine the effects on transmission of soil containing obstacles. The results obtained suggest that the proposed model has better accuracy in estimating the wave number than previously used schemes.