Ghansah, A.Verity, R.Aydemir, O.Brazeau, N.F.Watson, O.J.Hathaway, N.J.Mwandagalirwa, M.K.Marsh, P.W.Thwai, K.Fulton, T.Denton, M.Morgan, A.P.Parr, J.B.Tumwebaze, P.K.Conrad, M.Rosenthal, P.J.Ishengoma, D.S.Ngondi, J.Gutman, J.Mulenga, M.Norris, D.E.Moss, W.J.Mensah, B.A.Myers-Hansen, J.L.Tshefu, A.K.Ghani, A.C.Meshnick, S.R.Bailey, J.A.Juliano, J.J.2020-07-292020-07-292020-04-30Verity, R., Aydemir, O., Brazeau, N.F. et al. The impact of antimalarial resistance on the genetic structure of Plasmodium falciparum in the DRC. Nat Commun 11, 2107 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15779-8https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15779-8http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/35735Research ArticleThe Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) harbors 11% of global malaria cases, yet little is known about the spatial and genetic structure of the parasite population in that country. We sequence 2537 Plasmodium falciparum infections, including a nationally representative population sample from DRC and samples from surrounding countries, using molecular inversion probes - a high-throughput genotyping tool. We identify an east-west divide in haplotypes known to confer resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. Furthermore, we identify highly related parasites over large geographic distances, indicative of gene flow and migration. Our results are consistent with a background of isolation by distance combined with the effects of selection for antimalarial drug resistance. This study provides a high-resolution view of parasite genetic structure across a large country in Africa and provides a baseline to study how implementation programs may impact parasite populations.enDemocratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)malariaPlasmodium falciparum infectionssulfadoxine-pyrimethamineArticle