Tetevi, G.M.Kwain, S.Mensah, T.Camas, A.S.Camas, M.Dofuor, A.K.Azerigyik, F.A.Oluwabusola, E.Deng, H.Jaspars, M.Kyeremeh, K.2019-12-132019-12-132019-11-21doi:10.3390/M1094http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/34189Research ArticleThe Ghanaian Paenibacillus sp. DE2SH (GenBank Accession Number: MH091697) is a prolific producer of potent antiparasitic alkaloids. Further detailed study of the culture broth of this strain produced the compound Paenidigyamycin G (1), which is a derivative of the known antiparasitic compound PaenidigyamycinA(2). Compound (1) was isolated on HPLC at tR 37.5 min and its structure determined by IR, UV, MS, 1D, and 2D-NMR data. Compound 1 produced weak to moderate antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activity when tested against Leishmania donovani (Laveran and Mesnil) Ross (D10) and Trypanosoma brucei subsp. brucei strain GUTat 3.1 with IC50 = 115.41 and 28.75 M, respectively. This result is interesting since the parent compound 2 is known to possess consistent and potent antiparasitic activity. However, 1 displayed a promising selectivity profile towards T. brucei subsp. brucei due to its relatively low toxicity against normal mouse macrophages RAW 264.7 cells (SI = 8.70). Given that compound 1 is also the main metabolite found in the hexane fraction of all extracts produced by Paenibacillus sp. DE2SH when it is co-cultured with other bacteria strains, it must possess some unique biological functions which should make it an excellent candidate for further biological activity screening in other bioassays.enPaenibacillusalkaloidimidazoleantileishmanialsleishmaniasisantitrypanosomalstrypanosomiasisArticle