Department of Physiology
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Item Hematological parameters in Ghanaian sickle cell disease patients(Journal of Blood Medicine, 2018-10) Antwi-Boasiako, C.; Ekem, I.; Abdul-Rahman, M.; Sey, F.; Doku, A.; Dzudzor, B.; Dankwah, G.B.; Otu, K.H.; Ahenkorah, J.; Aryee, R.Background: Effective treatment and management of sickle cell disease (SCD) has been a challenge in Africa over the years. Hematological parameters are very useful profiles in the effective management of the disease. However, there is scarcity of studies on the hematological parameters of SCD in Ghana. This study aimed at determining hematological parameters among SCD patients with vaso-occlusion, those in the steady state as well as healthy controls at a teaching hospital in Ghana. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving a total of 628 subjects, including 148 HbAA controls, 208 HbSS patients in steady state, 82 HbSC patients in steady state, 156 HbSS patients in vaso-occlusive crises (VOC), and 34 HbSC patients in VOC. Venous blood sample was collected from all study participants. A full blood count was done within 2 hours of collection, and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cell (RBC) concentration, mean corpuscular Hb, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular Hb concentration, and white blood cells (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts were recorded. Results: WBC and PLT counts were significantly higher in both female and male patients with SCD, compared with their healthy counterparts (P<0.05). The level of WBC was, however, significantly higher in patients with HbSS VOC among the SCD patients (P<0.001). Levels of Hb, RBC, and hematocrit were significantly higher in the controls (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in mean cell Hb among male patients with SCD (P=0.274) and female patients with SCD (P=0.5410). Conclusion: The SCD patients had lower Hb and RBC than the controls; however, higher PLT and WBC are noted in various status of SCD, possibly reflecting spleen effect in these patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.Item Peripheral sensory neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients: A case control study in Accra, Ghana(Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology, 2016-09) Yeboah, K.; Puplampu, P.; Boima, V.; Antwi, D.A.; Gyan, B.; Amoah, A.G.B.Objective Peripheral sensory neuropathy (PSN) is a common cause of ulceration and amputation in diabetes (DM) patients. The prevalence of PSN in DM patients is largely undetermined in sub-Saharan African population. We studied the burden of PSN in DM patients using a validated questionnaire and quantitative sensory test. Methods In a case-control design, PSN was measured in 491 DM patients and 330 non-DM controls using Michigan neuropathy screening instrument (MNSI) and vibration perception threshold (VPT). PSN was defined as MNSI symptom score ≥7, MNSI examination score ≥2 or VPT ≥25V. Results The prevalence of PSN screened by MNSI symptom score, MNSI examination score and VPT was 7.1%, 51.5% and 24.5% in DM patients; and 1.5%, 24.5% and 8.5% in non-DM participants respectively. The major determinants of PSN screened by MNSI examination score were diabetes status [OR (95% CI): 4.31 (2.94–6.31), p < 0.001], age [1.03 (1.01–1.05), p < 0.001], previous [4.55 (2.11–9.82), p < 0.001] and current [8.16 (3.77–17.68), p < 0.001] smoking status. The major determinants of PSN screened by VPT were diabetes status [1.04 (1.02–1.06), p < 0.001], age [1.02 (1.01–1.03), p = 0.047], heart rate [1.78 (1.08–2.92), p = 0.023], second-hand smoking [3.66 (2.26–5.95), p < 0.001] and body height [3.28 (1.65–8.42), p = 0.015]. Conclusion Our study has shown high burden of PSN in DM patients in Ghana using simple, accurate, and non-invasive screening tools like MNSI and neurothesiometer. © 2016