Centre for Social Policy Studies
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Item Women’s wealth and intimate partner violence: Insights from Ecuador and Ghana.(Routledge, 2015) Oduro, A.D.; Deere, C.D.; Catanzarite, Z.Intimate partner violence (IPV) by men against their partners is one of the most glaring indicators of women’s lack of empowerment. Drawing upon the 2010 Ecuador Household Asset Survey (EAFF) and the 2010 Ghana Household Asset Survey (GHAS), nationally representative surveys for Ecuador and Ghana, respectively, this study investigates the relationship between women’s ownership of assets and physical and emotional abuse by spouses against currently partnered women over the previous twelve months. It uses the value of a woman’s total assets compared to those of her partner as the main proxy for a woman’s bargaining power. Differentiating between physical and emotional violence in both countries, the study finds that women’s share of couple wealth is significantly associated with lower odds of physical violence in Ecuador and emotional violence in Ghana. Moreover, the association between women’s share of couple wealth and IPV is contingent on the household’s position in the wealth distribution.Item Engendering economic policy in Africa.(Taylor & Francis, 2015) Oduro, A.D.; van Staveren, I.Despite Africa's relatively commendable growth performance since 2000, growth has not been accompanied by structural transformations. First, there has been little diversification from agriculture into industry, particularly manufacturing. Second, the poverty headcount and inequality remain high in many countries, even as African countries continue to rank lowest on the United Nations Development Programme's Gender Inequality Index. This contribution goes beyond the individualistic approach of supply-side policies and unveils deeper mechanisms that need to be tackled for the two transformations (diversification and inequality reduction) to occur. It demonstrates that gender inequality relies on unwritten but dominant social norms, hence, informal institutions. The removal of formal legislation that constrains women's agency, the enactment of formal laws, and the implementation of economic policies designed specifically to create incentives for behavior change are recommended.Item ). Delayed primary school enrolment among boys and girls in Ghana(Elsevier Science, 2016) Seshie-Nasser, H.A.; Oduro, A.D.Using the fifth Ghana Living Standards Survey, this paper examines whether delayed entry is as likely among girls as it is among boys and the importance of the household's poverty status in understanding delayed entry. No gender difference is found in the likelihood of delayed entry. However boys are much older for their grades than girls suggesting that they may experience a more extended period of delayed entry. The poverty status of the household is not an important correlate of delayed entry among girls or children in urban households but is important for boys and rural children.Item The economy of Ghana sixty years after indpendence(Oxford University Press, 2017) Oduro, A.D.; Ackah, C.J.his chapter assesses gender issues in the national discourse and policy agenda since independence and presents evidence on trends in gender gaps in education, employment, time use, and asset ownership. Although progress has been made in introducing legislation and policies to promote gender equality, important legislation remains to be enacted. Gender parity in primary enrolment has been achieved but gender gaps persist in other education levels and in education outcomes. More women are in wage employment, but the proportion of working women classified as unpaid family workers remains stubbornly high. The gender gap in time spent on unpaid domestic work persists despite women’s increased labour force participation and there is a gender gap in asset ownership. Closing the gender gap will require crafting appropriate strategies based on a clear understanding of gender relations in order to change values, norms, and behaviours.Item Prevalence And Trends In Child Marriage In Ghana(Centre for Social Policy Studies, College of Humanities University of Ghana, Legon, 2018-05) Domfe, G.; Oduro, A.D.While the issue of child marriage has received a lot of attention among both academia and the media in the last couple of years, much of the discussions often lack empirical statistical evidence. In order to strengthen effectiveness of policies based on these discussions, some scholars have used various econometric approaches to explain the incidence and depth of child marriage in some countries. This paper follows these analytical approaches to discuss incidence, trend and depth of child marriage among girls in the various geographical areas and among various groups in Ghana. The paper employed the data set of the sixth round of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS VI). The survey was conducted in 2014 and covered 11,835 households in the ten administrative regions of the country. The data set of GDHS VI was considered appropriate for the paper because it contains information on the age at the time of first marriage or when the person started living with a partner. The incidence of child marriage was estimated as the proportion of women and girls in a particular age group who got married before they were 18 years while the concept of depth of child marriage was borrowed from the poverty literature to capture how early young women in Ghana marry. The results of the stochastic dominance tests indicate that irrespective of the threshold for the age of marriage, women in urban areas and women who are Christians are less likely to marry at an early age. It was also found that the incidence of child marriage is relatively higher in the Northern Region, Upper East Region and Upper West Regions compared to the other regions. Again, the incidence of child marriage was found to be highest among Gurma and Mole-Dagbani ethnic groups. Additionally, the paper identified a declining trend in the incidence of child marriage and suggested the development could be due to modernization and the desire of the women to attain higher academic laurels. It is recommended that Government and development partners should intensify campaigns against child marriage in the areas where its prevalence is high and among the groups with higher incidence in the country.