School of Nursing
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Item Health Behaviour Of Pregnant Women Towards The Pregnancy School In The Greater Accra Regional Hospital(University of Ghana, 2021-09) Egyir, S.C.Antenatal care is viewed as an important point of contact between health workers and women and an opportunity for provision of health education including how to detect pregnancy complications and development of a birth plan to ensure safe delivery at a health facility. Quality antenatal care and education given to pregnant women during antenatal visits could be used as one of the measures to curb maternal mortality since these somewhat preventable maternal deaths have hugely been attributed to the lack of quality contacts between the pregnant women and the professional caregiver. Owing to the fact that little has been done over the years on the health behaviour of pregnant women towards the pregnancy school, the study therefore explored the health behaviour of pregnant women towards the pregnancy school in the Greater Accra Regional Hospital using the theory of Information Motivation-Behavioural-Skill model to guide the research. A qualitative explorative approach was employed. Data were collected from Greater Accra Regional hospital using a purposive sampling method. Fourteen (14) participants who consisted of three (3) pregnant and eleven (11) postpartum women who consented to participate in the study were interviewed face to face using a semi structured interview guide which lasted for 30-45minutes. Data were analysed thematically. Four (4) main themes and eighteen (18) subthemes were formulated from the constructs of the IMB model and the objectives of the study. The results of the study emphasized that, the participants found the information given at the classes to be very useful and had concerns with the time frame of the classes. The findings suggest that although the pregnancy school is a good initiative all stakeholders should support in order to improve it. Future research should focus on the information needs of the husbands and partners attending pregnancy schools.Item Experiences Of Persons With Lower Limb Prosthesis In A Selected Orthopedic Center In Eastern Region Of Ghana(University of Ghana, 2021-06) Dordunu, R.Persons with lower limb amputation (LLA) experience a myriad of physical, psychological and functional problems. Although, ambulation with a prosthesis is the goal of rehabilitation for persons with LLA, there is limited empirical data on the usability, adaptability and the comfort associated with prosthesis usage amongst users. This study therefore sought to explore experiences of persons with lower limb prosthesis in the Eastern region of Ghana using the Social-Ecological model. Exploratory descriptive qualitative design was used for the study. Overall, seventeen (17) participants were purposefully recruited for the study. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide. The interview was audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed deductively using thematic content analysis. The findings show that prosthetic users experience internal stigma, physical discomforts from the prosthesis, difficulty adjusting to sex-life and depended upon their family and friends for support. Additional finding shows that, prosthetic users experience discrimination and challenges with participating in community activities. Also, participants experience challenges with accessing healthcare facilities and high cost in securing or repairing a prosthetic foot. However, participants utilized social media, listening to music, reading the Bible or Quran to cope with the challenges. Interventions for addressing stigma, discrimination and cost of prosthesis are required to improve the lived experiences of persons with lower limb prosthesis.Item Self-Care Practices Among Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus At The Greater Accra Regional Hospital(University Of Ghana, 2022-09) Amakye-Nyame, N.C.Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a major public health problem in Ghana, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and the entire globe. Diabetes is among the four non-communicable diseases globally. Studies have revealed that Ghana has been experiencing an increased number of aged populations who are likely to suffer from chronic diseases such as diabetes and increase demand for healthcare. Therefore, diabetes self-care practices among the elderly living with type-2 diabetes mellitus are very crucial in its management as poor self-care results in complications. However, in Ghana, little scholarly attention has been given to diabetes self-care practices among older adults living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Therefore, the reason for conducting a qualitative study was to explore the self-care practices of elderly patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Greater Accra Regional Hospital. Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (1986) was used to guide the study. An exploratory descriptive design with a purposive sampling technique was used to recruit twelve (12) participants after saturation was achieved. A face-to-face interview was done using a semi structured interview guide and audiotaped. Transcriptions of the collected data were done verbatim. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data received. Four major themes emerged after the analysis of collected data. These were: Knowledge of diabetes self-care, Self-regulation practices in diabetes management, Barriers that affect the management of diabetes, and a support system received by elderly patients in diabetes management. The findings of the study revealed that some of the participants knew self-care practices such as eating healthy, self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, and foot care practices among others, and were empowered, motivated, and achieved good results whilst others too were not engaging in effective diabetes self-care activities due to certain environmental impediments which served as barriers. It revealed financial hardship as one of the major barriers faced by elderly diabetes patients despite partial coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Therefore, diabetes patients should be given high-quality adequate diabetes education, and delivery of diabetes education should include other formats such as video, leaflets, and written). Diabetes education can also be done at the community level for elderly diabetes. The government should make diabetes carefree for older adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Developing theory-based approaches to care for individuals with diabetes can create a more progressive, coherent body of knowledge to assist healthcare providers in effectively teaching and coaching patients’ diabetes self-care. Diabetes self-care among elderly patients is suboptimal. Therefore, Diabetes education by health professionals should also include patient empowerment and culturally sensitive approaches that will be accepted by individuals with diabetes. In managing diabetes, it can be concluded that diabetes self-care practices which are healthy eating, medication adherence, self-monitoring of blood glucose, physical activity, and foot care practices are the key elements required for diabetes patients to stay healthy with improved quality of life. For that barriers to diabetes management should be given serious attention by stakeholders (hospitals, health professionals, health programmers, community leaders, government, etc) of this group.Item Exploring Social Media Adoption By Nurses For Nursing Practice In Catholic Hospital Battor In The North Tongu District Of Volta Region, Ghana(University Of Ghana, 2021-09) Gamor, NathanThere is an ongoing social media technological revolution globally and this is impacting people’s approach to work and organizational outputs. The health care industry is not left out of this intriguing, drastic, and far-reaching change that social media has brought forth. Healthcare organizations and individuals are said to be adopting social media for nursing care in Ghana. It remains largely undetermined the factors influencing nurses in the Catholic Hospital Battor to adopt social media to enhance nursing care. The study, therefore, seeks to explore social media adoption by nurses for nursing care in Catholic Hospital Battor using the technology acceptance model as the guiding framework. An exploratory descriptive qualitative study design with a purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit twelve (12) participants for the study. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct in-depth interviews which were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data with NVivo. The findings revealed that nurses found social media to be useful for the accomplishment of nursing tasks, dissemination, and reception of information, professional development and enhanced referral networks. Apart from its usefulness, participants believe it is easy to navigate its apps, clear and understandable to use and its usage in nursing does not involve much mental effort hence their favourable attitude toward use. Notwithstanding, some participants also believe that inaccurate information, privacy and confidentiality concerns, distraction, and addiction were some potential risks that are associated with its usage in nursing practice. Due to this, some participants developed a negative attitude toward its usage as a result of the unpleasant experience they have with its usage. This study, therefore, recommends prudential use of social media in health institutions. It also advocates for the development of policies to govern its use in healthcare facilities.Item Factors Influencing New-Born Resuscitation Practices Among Nurses And Midwives In The Eastern Region, Ghana.(University of Ghana, 2022-01) Berko, Y.D.The study explored the factors that influence New-born resuscitation (NR) practices among nurses and midwives in the Eastern Region of Ghana. The focus of the thesis was to describe the attitudes and explain the beliefs and perceptions (subjective norms) of nurses and midwives towards New-born resuscitation. The study sought out to identify the behavioural intentions of nurses and midwives and examined the practices (behaviour) of new-born resuscitation among nurses and midwives. This was a qualitative study and was carried out using face-to-face, in-depth semi-structured interviews. Seventeen nurses and midwives who work in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units and Maternity wards from the Nsawam Government Hospital and the Regional Hospital, Koforidua were interviewed. The study found that good knowledge and understanding of NR had a positive impact on the attitude of nurses and midwives. Also, people of referents and the family had a great influence on NR performance. In addition, culture, and religion, directly and indirectly, impacted practice. On the contrary, traditions from the ward and belief in the archaic ways of managing new-borns with breathing difficulties had adverse impact on NR practice. Also, other factors such as lack of training, shortage of human and material resources, inadequate space, poor supervision, and monitoring were identified as barriers to NR performance among the nurses and midwives. There is the need for regular training, inculcating family centred care in training, monitoring, and provision of the necessary amenities for effective NR which will go a long way to improve the nurse or midwife's behaviours towards NR.Item Parents’ Perspectives On The Quality Of Life Of Adolescents Living With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Study In The Accra Metropolis.(University Of Ghana, 2022-03) Atchulo, K.Autism Spectrum Disorder remains one of the growing public health conditions that have devastating effects on the wellbeing and quality of life of adolescents. Using the quality of life model by Betty Ferrel propounded in 1996 as an organizing framework, this study investigates the parents‘ perspectives on the quality of life of adolescents living with autism .The objectives which are based on the constructs of the model were investigated including the physical wellbeing, social wellbeing, psychological wellbeing and spiritual wellbeing. The study was an exploratory descriptive study involving 13 participants in the Accra metropolis. With the consent of the participants, data was collected using a semi structured interview guide. The responses were recorded, transcribed, coded and subsequently into subthemes and themes. A thematic content analysis revealed (5) themes and (17) subthemes. According to this study findings, adolescents with autism were found to have low quality of physical wellbeing. They were not physically independent, suffered other conditions as result of autism and could not perform basic life functions without assistance. They had a good social wellbeing evident by their cordial relationship with their peers and relatives at the same time they had poor oral communication. Adolescents with autism were found to have reduced psychological wellbeing. They are moody, irritated, isolated at times, interactive and sometimes aggressive. Furthermore, adolescents with autism had improved spiritual wellbeing and could engage in religious activities. Also, there were no support systems thus recreational centers, job opportunities and educational support. Muslim respondents were not available for this study due to their cultural beliefs, children with Autism in the Muslim community were taken to the villages and left there. This gab should be researched in the future. In conclusion, the public should be sensitized and educated on Autism spectrum disorder and government as well as non- governmental organizations should provide training and educational support for autistic adolescents.Item Health Behaviour Of Pregnant Women Towards The Pregnancy School In The Greater Accra Regional Hospital(University of Ghana, 2021-09) Egyir, S.C.ABSTRACT Antenatal care is viewed as an important point of contact between health workers and women and an opportunity for provision of health education including how to detect pregnancy complications and development of a birth plan to ensure safe delivery at a health facility. Quality antenatal care and education given to pregnant women during antenatal visits could be used as one of the measures to curb maternal mortality since these somewhat preventable maternal deaths have hugely been attributed to the lack of quality contacts between the pregnant women and the professional caregiver. Owing to the fact that little has been done over the years on the health behaviour of pregnant women towards the pregnancy school, the study therefore explored the health behaviour of pregnant women towards the pregnancy school in the Greater Accra Regional Hospital using the theory of Information Motivation-Behavioural-Skill model to guide the research. A qualitative explorative approach was employed. Data were collected from Greater Accra Regional hospital using a purposive sampling method. Fourteen (14) participants who consisted of three (3) pregnant and eleven (11) postpartum women who consented to participate in the study were interviewed face to face using a semi structured interview guide which lasted for 30-45minutes. Data were analysed thematically. Four (4) main themes and eighteen (18) subthemes were formulated from the constructs of the IMB model and the objectives of the study. The results of the study emphasized that, the participants found the information given at the classes to be very useful and had concerns with the time frame of the classes. The findings suggest that although the pregnancy school is a good initiative all stakeholders should support in order to improve it. Future research should focus on the information needs of the husbands and partners attending pregnancy schools. Keywords – Pregnancy school, antenatal care, pregnant woman.Item Strategic Management Practices Of Nurse Managers At The Greater Accra Regional Hospital(University of Ghana, 2022-12) Ayishetu, N.Strategic management practice is essential in the health care system especially, among nurse managers, since nurses are front liners in health care delivery. The study sought to explore the strategic management practices of nurse managers. A conceptual framework of the strategic management process was used to guide the study. A qualitative exploratory, descriptive design was utilized. Twelve (12) participants were purposively sampled from the Greater Accra Regional Hospital (GARH). A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data from the participants, and thematic analysis was used to analyse data. Five themes were identified from the data: environmental scanning practices, strategy formulation practices, strategy implementation practices, strategy evaluation and control practices, and challenges encountered in Strategic Management. The study's results showed that nurse managers scanned their internal environment using methods like observation, round checks, and supervision, as well as SWOT analysis as the tool, but the external environment received little attention, so opportunities were not maximized and threats were not reduced. The study recommends that nurse managers should give as much attention to external environmental scanning as the internal environment for efficient and effective strategy formulation and implementation practices. Furthermore, the management of the Greater Accra regional hospital, should give nurse managers support as well as training on strategic management to better equip their skills in contributing to the achievement of the hospital‟s objectives.Item Experiences Of Frontline Nurses Managing Patients With Coronavirus Disease At Ga East Municipal Hospital, Accra(University Of Ghana, 2022-09) Atuwo – Ampoh, E.E.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected many healthcare systems globally. Its impact was considered a serious risk to healthcare providers and had far reaching consequences on their lives. In Ghana, treatment centers were designated to help patients isolate for treatment under the care of healthcare workers. Frontline nurses managing patients with COVID-19 experienced physical and psychological challenges whilst on their duty and were perceived as carriers of coronavirus. This study aimed to explore the nurses’ experiences managing patients with COVID-19 at the Ga East Municipal Hospital, Accra. The ABC-X model of family stress and coping developed by Hill in 1949 underpinned this study. The study employed an exploratory descriptive qualitative research design to explore and describe the experiences of fourteen (14) purposively sampled nurses using a semistructured interview guide. The interviews were audiotaped with participants’ permission, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic content analysis. This study’s findings identified four themes: COVID-19 care challenges, multi-dimensional support, care-related stressors, and perceived care outcomes. The frontline nurses experienced some physical and psychological stressors whilst managing patients with COVID-19 at Ga East Municipal Hospital. They were also perceived as carriers of coronavirus who might infect their friends and family. The nurses utilized diverse strategies and support from various individuals and groups as the pandemic unfolded. The frontline nurses-built resilience amidst the challenges encountered. The stressful experiences of the frontline nurses and other healthcare personnel in the facility should be considered and addressed, with sustainable interventions outlined to reduce the stress on healthcare workers.Item Experiences Of Family Caregivers Of Patients With End Stage Renal Disease In The Accra Metropolis, Ghana.(University Of Ghana, 2022-04) Asante, C.S.End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) has been on the rise and is a major public health concern. It affects both family caregivers and their patients adversely. The near-death nature of ESRD coupled with its impact on quality of life has compelled family caregivers to provide needed care from as basic as personal hygiene to complex care like wound care both in and out of health facilities. The level of participation of these family caregivers, however, is undefined and their experiences in their caregiving role are not properly understood. This among other challenges has confused the role played. Given this, the study sought to explore the experiences of family caregivers of patients with ESRD using the Caregiver Health Model. This study employed an exploratory descriptive qualitative design situated within the constructivist paradigm. Purposive sampling technique aided in the recruitment of fifteen (15) participants from The Trust Hospital. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide via a face-to-face interview model. The interviews were audio-recorded. Thematic Analysis was used to review interviews, code, and group the themes. Thematic analysis was aided by using constructs of the caregiver health model while ensuring the trustworthiness of data was through member check. Family Caregiver experiences were reflected in the narratives, which highlighted caregivers’ needs, tasks, competencies, beliefs, attitudes, and health behaviors as was expected. According to study findings, Family caregivers encountered numerous challenges which they believed could be bearable with support. An emergent theme was identified overreaching the constructs of the used framework.