Department of Banking and Finance

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Access to Finance and Performance of Firms in the Construction Sector of Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-05) Bonful, P.E.J.
The purpose of this research study is to investigate the relationship between financial inclusion, to be specific access to finance and its impact on the performance of firms in the Construction sector of Ghana. As it is well known in the literature that financial inclusion generally has a positive influence on performance, will the results differ if the scope is narrowed down from country level to firms with similar characteristics? Firstly, the paper seeks to identify the level of financial inclusion among firms in the Construction sector of Ghana. Secondly, through the use of OLS regression methods, the relationship between financial inclusion variables and performance is analysed. Taking crosssectional data from 42 Construction firms in the Greater Accra Region registered with the Association of Builders and Contractors Ghana. The analysis showed that not all financial inclusion variables were significant to the performance of firms in the construction sector. However, agreeing with existing literature that there is a positive causality relationship between access to finance and financial performance. Heavy influences on financial performance came from long term financial services. And a discovery that regulations could greatly influence financial performance as well. These results speak loads into future policy formulation especially for a country that suffers from a great infrastructural deficit. The performance of construction firms can be greatly enhanced if these policies make firms in the sector more financially inclusive. The focus of these policies must be on long term financial service provision which will be the funds most beneficial to construction firms in Ghana.
The Adoption of Mobile Money Services in Ghana: The Case of University of Ghana Community
(University of Ghana, 2019-05) Agyei-Mensah, L.A.
Mobile money is an important phenomenon for the cause of financial inclusion in developing countries. The value and volume of both mobile money transactions and payment systems transactions have tredemously increased in Ghana. This study sought to investigate the adoption of mobile money by Ghanaians, using members of the University of Ghana Legon campus as case study. The study adopted questionnaires as the sole instrument for data collection. The findings reveal that dominant use of mobile money by the average mobile money user is to send or receive money. Also, most mobile money users do not use the service to access and deposit money to their formal financial accounts. This study recommends that stakeholders intensify the education on the use and benefits of mobile money to increase interest in the service and reduce mobile money fraud.
The Advent of Mobile Money and Its Effect on Branch-Based Banking in Ghana: A Case of the National Investment Bank (NIB)
(University of Ghana, 2019-05) Kodjoe, D.S.
Mobile money services have come to stay. In developing countries like Ghana, where the service has been extensively embraced and acknowledged as a tool to addressing financial inclusion, there is the need to find out how the banking sector, the main financial driver of the economy, is reacting to this development. This study seeks to find out how the advent of mobile money is affecting branch-based banking in Ghana using the National Investment Bank as a case. The study utilised a qualitative approach and gathered data through interviews with selected personnel at the National Investment Bank’s Head Office in the Greater Accra Region. The study found that Mobile Money services are not a threat to the banking sector and hence have positive effects on branch-based banking in Ghana. The study also recommended that given the widespread use of Mobile money services, it is imperative that the Bank of Ghana and other regulatory bodies regulate the operations of the service by the “Telcos” in order to mitigate against the imminent risks as a result of the extensive use of the service.
The Agency Theoretical Explanation of Bank Interest Rate Spreads In Africa
(University of Ghana, 2015-06) Agyeman, B.; Aboagye, A.Q.Q.; Bokpin, G.A.; University Of Ghana, College of Humanities, Business School, Department of Banking and Finance
Few empirical studies have been done on the bank interest rate spread in the context of Africa as a whole. However, these studies failed to explain the possible effects of agency costs on bank interest rate spread in Africa. This study, therefore, depending on bank level data on two hundred and ten (210) banks in twenty-eight countries in Africa, and controlling for macroeconomic variables, bank specific variables, regulatory as well as industry specific factors, we employed the fixed effects panel regression on the data in explaining the effects of agency costs on bank interest rate spread in Africa over the period 2006 to 2013. In trying to correct for serial correlation and heteroskcedasticity we used the Prais-Winsten estimation technique which is robust to these problems. We employed two definitions for the dependent variable (spread 1-net interest income divided by total assets and spread 2- difference between the advertised universal bank average lending rate and the average deposit rate). Our results show that emolument (agency costs) feeds into the spread models suggesting that the higher the emoluments the higher the interest margin of banks in Africa. This is an indication that bank management charge higher margins since they can extract high rents in a form of high emoluments. This is a source of conflict of interest between the shareholders and the management. Secondly, our results show that the factors that were posited by Ho and Saunders (1981) are still relevant in the determination of bank interest spreads in Africa. Moreover, the findings suggest that determinants and significance of the bank net interest margin and spread can be different. Therefore, empirical models should be chosen with cautious for academic and policy studies. We recommend that bank regulators and board of directors must ensure that the level of emoluments (agency costs) are cut down to a reasonable limit that will not tend to influence high spread in Africa. This can be attained by holding on to efficient and more compatible incentive compensation packages. The results also show that central Africa contributes largely to Africa’s high spread.
Agricultural Risk Management Options, Willingness to Adopt Agricultural Insurance and Pricing Of Rainfall-Indexed Insurance
(University of Ghana, 2017-07) Amankwah, R.O.
This study examines the risks facing crop farmers and the strategies they employ to mitigate those risks. It further sets out to determine whether crop farmers are willing to adopt agricultural insurance as a means of mitigating farm income variability, formulate a derivative measure to determine pure premium of a rainfall-indexed insurance contract and to investigate how much farmers are willing to pay for such a contract. Using a questionnaire, data on farmers’ demographics and farm characteristics were collected from 300 randomly selected farmers and used to examine the risks they face, the strategies they employ, and to determine farmers’ willingness to adopt agricultural insurance using a binary logistic regression model. Annual rainfall and yield data for the period of 2000 to 2015 were also used to formulate a derivative pricing measure for rainfall-indexed insurance. The study found drought, storm and pests as the most pervasive risks that affect farmers’ yield and farm income stability. Also, mixed cropping, use of improved seeds, timing planting, mixed farming, farmer cooperatives, engagement in other off-farm economic activities and seasonal migration were found as the means by which farmers mitigate the agricultural risks they face. Again, the study found that coefficient of variation of farm income positively and significantly affects willingness to adopt agricultural insurance. Female farmers and married farmers were also found more willing to adopt agricultural insurance. Farm size, land occupancy status, off-farm engagement and level of education positively impact on willingness whereas years of farming experience also negatively impact on willingness but were all statistically significant. Furthermore, 90% of the farmers are willing to adopt agricultural insurance and savour premium rate of 10% or below. The findings suggest that there is an available market for Ghanaian insurers to utilize and should therefore take advantage of the opportunity. Also, variation in farm incomes, gender and marital status of farmers be considered in designing insurance contracts and in targeting clients for their uptake. Moreover, the premium rate should also be considered since a rate higher than 10% could affect farmers’ willingness to adopt agricultural insurance.
AML/CFT Compliance: Does it Influence the Influx of Foreign Direct Investment?
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Nkrumah, G.A.
This study examines the relationship between countries’ compliance with AML/CFT (Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism) regulations and foreign direct investment. This study, to the best of the author’s knowledge, is the first to establish a link between AML/CFT compliance and FDI, with FDI being the dependent variable and AML/CFT compliance, the independent. The research uses a sample size of 74 FATF member states and extracts data on their FDI net inflows and AML/CFT compliance ratings from the year 2004 to 2016. Furthermore, it employs a multiple regression analysis with five control variables. The results of the analysis indicate that a country’s compliance with AML/CFT regulations is a driver of the influx of foreign direct investment into its economy. This discovery is important because the costs of compliance – what seems to be the largest barrier – is not as challenging as it used to appear. Bearing this in mind, countries would be encouraged to put more effort into their compliance activities, instead of aiming for the minimum acceptable level, which seems to be the case at the moment. In addition, it is discovered that the market size, quality of infrastructure, quality of human capital and inflation rate are very instrumental in the attraction of FDI. Keywords: Anti-Money Laundering, Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing, Foreign Direct Investment
An Analysis of Credit Risk Associated with Banking Sector Deregulation in West Africa
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Kyeremeh-Barnieh, K.
The study uses data spanning from the period 1996-2017 with random effect model to investigate the impact of credit risk on banking sector deregulation in West Africa. Two main objectives were addressed. First, the determinants of credit risk. Second the effect of credit risk on banking sector deregulation. The key determinants of the credit risk include return on equity of banks, financial system deposit to GDP ratio and bank assets to GDP ratio. The findings show that return on equity positively and significantly increases credit risk of banks in West Africa. However, we find that financial system deposit and bank assets to GDP negatively and significantly reduce credit risk in West Africa. We did not find any significant impact of macroeconomic indicators such as gross domestic product and inflation in our model. With respect to the impact of credit risk on deregulation, the study finds positive and significant effect of credit risk on deregulation in West Africa. This means that higher credit risk could necessitate deregulation of the financial sector in West Africa. Other bank specific variables we found to relate positively and significantly with deregulation include liquid liabilities to GDP, net interest margin and bank z-score. Similarly, the inclusion of the macroeconomic variables into the model improves on the performance of the model. The liquid liabilities as a percentage of GDP became positive and significant as well. The study makes some useful recommendation for policy and future research direction.
An Analysis of Loan Repayment Behaviour among Students Loan Borrowers in Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Owusu-Antoh, R.L.
The sustainability of the Student Loan Scheme in Ghana has been the downside of its operations since it was first introduced in 1971. The one major determinant of a successfully scheme is its ability to recover loans disbursed. In recent times, numerous government initiatives have resulted in the decline of government support to the scheme managers of the Students Loan Trust Fund (SLTF). This has called for appropriate strategizing of recovery activities by the scheme Managers in order to remain sustainable and relevant. The study depended on both primary and secondary data to examine its objectives. The key objective of the study is to examine what influences the repayment behaviour among students’ loan borrowers, using data from SLTF comprising of borrowers whose loans are due from 2008 to 2018. Primary data was also collected via telephone interview to try to establish the relationship between the knowledge of loan agreement and loan repayment. The study used SPSS to present a descriptive analysis to examine the influence of gender, programme of study and knowledge of loan agreement, in addition to other secondary independent variables such as parental employment status and educational level, also the respondents and employment status. The study’s findings suggests that more males enrol in tertiary institutions than females, and as a result the analysis proved that more males made repayment than females. The study further finds that the higher the occupational level of borrowers after graduation the higher the rate of repayment. Borrowers were found to have knowledge about the loan agreement however, it was continued reminders that influence repayment behaviours. The study suggests that fund managers together with policy makers must strategize their reminders to borrowers in order to eliminate the lag in repayment and ensure sustainability.
Analysis of Risk Management Practices of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Construction Sector of Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Sarkodie-Poku, I.
The importance of Assessing the risk management practices by the small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in the recent times has been underscored by research. In this study, an analysis of risk management practices of the SMEs in the construction sector of Ghana is assess to determine the level of awareness, the extent of its application and the potential impact on the construction business. This study is a follow up to previous studies risk management practices in the construction industry as the study specifically considers the SME contractor. In the study, data was obtained Owners and Directors of D2/K2 – D4/K4 contractors as certified by the Ministry of Works and Housing (MWH). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequencies. The findings suggest that risk management practices application is still at reduced concentrations in SMEs operations. It can also be found that risk management in small and medium-sized enterprises is primarily focused on owners / managers beliefs that seriously hamper sustainable business development. The level of awareness is well documented, however the application of the practices is far less than the awareness level The finding of the study provide the basis for policy interventions aimed at building the capacity of the SMEs in the construction space and the Continuous Professional Development (CPD) agenda for owners and directors. It again provides for use by training institutions towards the development of training manuals for training of entrepreneurs.
Antecedents and Consequences of Board Interlocks: Evidence from the Ghana Stock Exchange
(University Of Ghana, 2016-06) Cofie, Y.; Bokpin, G. A.; Mensah, L.; College of Humanities, Business School,Department of Banking and Finance
This study investigates the antecedents and consequences of board interlocks on the Ghana Stock Exchange .The study looks at how factors such as the auditor network , industry network, foreign or local ownership network, gender effect, age effect, gender homophily and age homophily could influence the formation of interlocks between firms. The study also examined the relation between interlocks and Return on Assets, Return on Equity and Profitability among the firms. Data for the study was based on a five year panel data covering 2005 to 2009 on 35 listed companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange. The data was transformed from a bipartite to a co-affiliations data using the Bonacich transformation approach. The estimation technique applied by the study is the Hubert and Mantel MR-QAP to perform logistic regression across the cells of the dependent and Independent matrices. The study found that auditor network, industry network and age homophily had significant effect on who is appointed as a board member by these firms. Also firms that shared common board members displayed similar performance patterns which was tested using the constant homophily, variable homophily and the structural block models. The study therefore recommends that policy makers should take a look at the influence the auditors are having on board interlocks and firms should appoint members who sit on boards of well performing firms.
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance and Performance of Commercial Banks in Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-06) Commey, B.O.
The advent of technological innovation in the global financial architecture has created upturn in uncertainties and financial risks; prompting stakeholders to re-engineer their financial systems to enhance stability and security. Even though effort in such regard is underway regarding anti-money laundering policies and regulations, the threats of money laundering continue to emerge in dynamic formats. To contribute to the growing scholarly works on anti-money laundering, this study formulates four objectives to principally to identify the various AML policies adopted by commercial banks, examine the challenges impeding implementation of anti-money laundering compliance, cost of ensuring anti-money laundering in commercial banks and the impact of anti-money laundering compliance on performance of commercial banks in Ghana. The study employed quantitative research methods, survey design, descriptive approach and simple random sampling technique to sample select 40 respondents from 10 commercial banks in Ghana. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data while descriptive and regression analysis was used to analyze the field data. The study result show that the banks surveyedin this study have adopted FATF recommendations, the FIC-BoG guidelines and the Anti-Money Laundering Act (Act 749) to prevent the money laundering. The study also found that, nature of fraud and cybercrimes, lack of support from the board of directors and lack of trained and skilled personnel are the factors impeding anti-money laundering implementation among commercial banks in Ghana. The study result also show that anti-money laundering compliance positively impact bank profitability, sustainability and customer retention. On average, commercial banks spend between GHS 100,000 and GHS 500,000 to ensure AML compliance yearly. The study therefore, recommends that Bank of Ghana must task external auditors to conduct periodic auditing of the budgetary allocations of all commercial banks operating in Ghana. The BOG must ensure every bank in Ghana create AML reporting officer. Government may acquire standardized AML software for banks at subsidized prices.
Assessing Critical Factors for Successful Implementation of Donor-Funded Projects in Ghana: A Case of the Ministry of Education
(University of Ghana, 2019-09) Frimpong, P.A.
Donor-funded projects are crucial for socio-economic development of nations. Unfortunately, infrastructural deficit in Ghana has widened in the face of dwindling oversees development aid. Delivering value-for-money project remains vitally important for key stakeholders. This study seeks to examine critical factors for project success/failure, and specifically the relationship between critical factors and successful implementation of donor-funded projects in Ghana. The study was conducted through a survey of fifty (50) respondents including Project Practitioners, Contractors, Consultants, Suppliers and Ministry of Education Officials. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were later deployed to analyze the data gathered. The findings of the study showed that the following five predictor variables/critical factors; project planning, design, monitoring, stakeholder engagement and institutional environment are positively and significantly related to successful implementation of donor-funded projects. The study actually concentrated on World Bank funded projects implemented by the Ministry of Education. Thus, limiting the generalization of the findings. Besides, there was also limited availability of local empirical literature with respect to critical factors that influence donorfunded projects implementation in Ghana. The results suggest that public sector organizations that embrace the above five critical factors succeed in the implementation of donor-funded projects. Thus, it is recommended that Development Partners and beneficiary Governments should give a more detailed consideration to the five (5) critical factors in the formulation and implementation of loan/grant agreements to help ensure the success of future development projects.
Assessing the Critical Determinants of Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-05) Yusif, R.
This study empirically examines the determinants of microfinance performance as well as the influence of microfinance financial performance on its social performance (outreach) in Ghana. The research used data for 165 Ghanaian microfinance institutions (MFIs) over the period 2014-2018. The research employed the fixed effect estimation technique in estimating the model as suggested by the Hausman test. Taking unobserved firm and year heterogeneity and correcting for heteroskedasticity and serial correlation, the study found factors such as capital adequacy ratio, firm’s cost, firm’s interest rate and inflation, to be significant determinants of microfinance performance, with CAR and firm’s cost having a negative effect on performance; interest rate and inflation having a positive effect on performance of MFIs in Ghana. The study also found a negative and significant relationship between return on assets (ROA) and firm size (total assets), with firm size being used as a proxy for measuring MFIs outreach. The study concludes that capital adequacy ratio, firm cost incurred, firm interest rate and inflation are significant determinants of microfinance performance in Ghana, and that MFI that are performing better financially tend to have less outreach to the poor.
Assessing the Effect of Corporate Governance on the Financial Performance and Market Value of Firms Listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Amedorlase, Q.E.
The main aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of corporate governance on the financial performance and market value of firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Based on the aim of the study, the study specifically seeks to examine the relationship between board size and financial performance, to investigate the relationship between board composition and financial performance as well as to assess the influence of board committee structures on financial performance of listed companies. In line with these objectives, secondary data was collected from the Ghana Stock Exchange, the Bank of Ghana and from the website of listed companies. The study span from 2008 to 2018. The Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) was used to establish the relationship between the variables under study. The coefficient of Board Composition was -.0716. This shows that Board Composition is negatively correlated with ROE. The coefficient of Board Size was 1.429 indicating a positive relationship between board size and ROE. In terms of CEO duality, the relationship is positive with a factor of 0.374. The coefficient of the adjusted R2 is 0.137 which is equivalent to 13.7 percent. The findings of the study were discussed and recommendations made for policy makers.
Assessing the Effect of Second Tier Fund Management on Social Security and National Insurance Trust (SSNIT) Pension Scheme
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Ashong, G.I.B.
Pension reforms in Ghana have been carried out over the years with the emphasis always on the benefits to be paid to the members of the scheme. Extant literature on the current three tier pension scheme in Ghana indicates much that attention has not been paid to the scheme’s sustainability and solvency as well as the financial viability of SSNIT. The study found to examine the extent to which the current reforms have affected the financial viability of SSNIT as an institution and also assesses which of the two pension laws of Ghana makes beneficiaries better off. The study adopts a mixed method which consist of both quantitative and qualitative methods. Primary data in the form of questionnaires and interviews that were gathered from pensioners and the actuary department of SSNIT on the new pension reforms. Secondary data was from SSNIT financial statement and other management reports. The descriptive statistics showed majority of the respondents indicated that the amount of pensions paid to them is not enough to enhance their living standards hence, not sustainable. The transfer of 5% contribution to second tier fund managers does not have any effect on SSNIT in the short term. Also, SSNIT beneficiaries are better off in receiving their benefits. This is because the index rate is greater than the inflation rate. It also concludes that the scheme has remained solvent over the period but it is close to reaching equilibrium where total income will be equal to total expenses. SSNIT is facing the challenge of a reduction in the amount of contributions received to 11%. The 11% will not be adequate for SSNIT. The respondent further explained that very soon what SSNIT will be getting in terms of contribution is just enough to pay benefits and as benefits is growing. The study recommends that education on the new pension scheme should be done as many contributors lack knowledge about the new scheme and how it functions. Proper assessment of the new pension reforms to ensure that SSNIT does not arrive at a deficit in the future.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Deregulation on Non-Performing Loans in Some Selected Banks in Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Egyir, B.B.
The financial sector plays an important role in every country in terms of resource mobilization and allocation. It is deemed by many scholars as the pivot around which economies evolve. Banks are globally regarded as the major player in financial sector. The expansion in the activities of banks that include, but not limited to, securities markets, fund management, insurance, to a large extent, can be attributed to deregulation in the financial sector. The study sought to examine the effect of deregulation on non-performing loans in Ghana relying on panel data of sampled banks in Ghana from 1981-2016. The study presented a robust estimation results of the fixed effect and Random effect models. The robust estimation was to control for the presence of heteroskedascity and correlation in the regression model. Based on the Hausman test, we used the random effect model over the fixed effect. The results of the study established that deregulation has no significant effect on non-performing loans in Ghana. However, the study established that loan growth as a bankspecific variable had significant effect on non-performing Loans. Lastly, macroeconomics factors such as inflation and real exchange rate significantly and positively influenced non-performing loans. Recommendations were made to policy and decision makers and conclusions were drawn based on the findings of the study.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Fraud Risk Management Practices in the Banking Sector of Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Asomaning, A.O.
The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of fraud risk management practices in the banking sector of Ghana. The structured questionnaire was used as the main research instrument. Items in the questionnaire were measured on a five-point ranking scale. Both local and foreign universal banks in Ghana, were included study. A total of 100 employees, 50 from the local banks, and another 50 from the foreign banks, were sampled through purposive and convenient sampling techniques. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present and analyze the collected data. From the findings of the study, it was revealed that, the level of exposure to both internal and external fraud risk by the universal banks was very low. Largely the banks implemented fraud risk management practices by putting in place strategies in the area of sound risk management environment, policies and procedures and risk mitigation. The banks were highly effective in the management of fraud risk leading to improvement in the performance of the banks. Having a sound risk management environment, policies and procedures, coupled with an effective risk mitigation strategy, mainly contributed to the overall effectiveness of the universal banks in the management of fraud risk. High cost in the implementation of fraud risk management practices was the main challenge facing the universal banks in fraud risk management. The banks are encouraged to invest more in modern software tools, so as to control the incidence of fraud risks.
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Fraud Risk Management Practices In The Banking Sector Of Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Asomaning, A.O.
ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of fraud risk management practices in the banking sector of Ghana. The structured questionnaire was used as the main research instrument. Items in the questionnaire were measured on a five-point ranking scale. Both local and foreign universal banks in Ghana, were included study. A total of 100 employees, 50 from the local banks, and another 50 from the foreign banks, were sampled through purposive and convenient sampling techniques. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present and analyze the collected data. From the findings of the study, it was revealed that, the level of exposure to both internal and external fraud risk by the universal banks was very low. Largely the banks implemented fraud risk management practices by putting in place strategies in the area of sound risk management environment, policies and procedures and risk mitigation. The banks were highly effective in the management of fraud risk leading to improvement in the performance of the banks. Having a sound risk management environment, policies and procedures, coupled with an effective risk mitigation strategy, mainly contributed to the overall effectiveness of the universal banks in the management of fraud risk. High cost in the implementation of fraud risk management practices was the main challenge facing the universal banks in fraud risk management. The banks are encouraged to invest more in modern software tools, so as to control the incidence of fraud risks.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Fraud Risk Management Practices in the Banking Sector of Ghana
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Asomaning, A.O.
The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of fraud risk management practices in the banking sector of Ghana. The structured questionnaire was used as the main research instrument. Items in the questionnaire were measured on a five-point ranking scale. Both local and foreign universal banks in Ghana, were included study. A total of 100 employees, 50 from the local banks, and another 50 from the foreign banks, were sampled through purposive and convenient sampling techniques. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present and analyze the collected data. From the findings of the study, it was revealed that, the level of exposure to both internal and external fraud risk by the universal banks was very low. Largely the banks implemented fraud risk management practices by putting in place strategies in the area of sound risk management environment, policies and procedures and risk mitigation. The banks were highly effective in the management of fraud risk leading to improvement in the performance of the banks. Having a sound risk management environment, policies and procedures, coupled with an effective risk mitigation strategy, mainly contributed to the overall effectiveness of the universal banks in the management of fraud risk. High cost in the implementation of fraud risk management practices was the main challenge facing the universal banks in fraud risk management. The banks are encouraged to invest more in modern software tools, so as to control the incidence of fraud risks.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty to the Reduction of Child Labour in the Ningo-Prampram District
(University of Ghana, 2019-07) Aculey, D.
The study investigated accessing the effectiveness of livelihood empowerment against poverty to the reduction of child labour in the Ningo-Prampram District in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Using a written questionnaire and an open-ended interview guide, the researcher surveyed a sample population of 120 respondents and investigated the effectiveness of livelihood empowerment against poverty to the reduction of child labour in Ningo-Prampram District. The study employed the mixed method to elicit answers from 130 respondents but has to work with 120 respondents whose questionnaires were returned based on the nature of the study area. Significant information was gathered through structured and unstructured, interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Data was collected using a self-developed structured questionnaire and was analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively using descriptive statistics. The study found that the disbursement of LEAP grants in the Ningo-Prampram District is affected by payment by proxy and the late arrival of the grants. It also found out that child labour incidents among LEAP beneficiaries have decreased impressively. The study, suggests that the Department of Social Welfare should try to adopt strategies that will help in the prompt disbursement of funds other than delaying in its disbursement. Once beneficiaries are verified and selected, the department should aid in opening individual bank accounts for them for easy accessibility of funds and financial inclusion. The queueing at the designated collection points physically and economically inconvenient the aged and severely disabled, considering the fundament conditions of eligibility (impoverishment and vulnerability) to the LEAP grant. The study further recommends however that the Social Welfare Department should intensify sensitization programs as well as monitoring and evaluation to enhance beneficiaries’ knowledge on the objectives of the LEAP grant to ensure maximum compliance to these objectives. KEYWORDS: Child Labour, Empowerment, Livelihood, Poverty.

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