Browsing by Subject "Accident"
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item Accident Reporting and Analysis in Forestry: Guidance on Increasing the Safety of Forest Work(United Nations, 2018) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsItem Epidemiology of injuries presenting to the accident centre of Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana(BMC Emergency Medicine, 2019-06-28) Amoako, J.K.A.; Blankson, P.; Asah-Opoku, K.; Odei-Ansong, F.; Lartey, M.Y.Background: Injuries directly lead to 5 million deaths every year, accounting for 9% of all deaths worldwide. While knowledge of the pattern of injuries is essential to plan health interventions to reduce the incidence of injuries, these are not thoroughly described in Ghana. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of injuries seen at the Accident centre of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana’s main referral hospital. Method: A retrospective review of two-year records of all patients who attended the Accident centre of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 was done. Data on the cause of injuries was the main focus of this review. Results: A total of 17,860 patients’ records were included in the study. There were 12,116 (67.8%) males and 5,744 (32.2%) females. The ages of the patients seen during the period ranged from three (3) days to 101 years. The overall mean age was 27.9 (±18.2). Majority of the injuries resulted from road traffic accidents and falls, accounting for 39.1 and 19.7% respectively. Conclusion: Road Traffic accidents (RTA), especially motorcycle related, are a significant cause of injuries in Ghana. Future studies should focus on interventions that can reduce the incidence of RTA’s to reduce the number of injuries that present to the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital.Item Modelling Vehicular Crash Mortalities in Ghana(Model Assisted Statistics and Applications, 2018) Somua-Wiafe, E.; Asare-Kumi, A.; Nortey, E.N.N.; Iddi, S.Deaths due to road accidents are major concern to many stakeholders in Ghana especially because road accidents only come second behind malaria for cause of deaths. Statistical models can be helpful in evaluating the effect of factors responsible for mortality and morbidity during vehicular accidents. There is often a spoilt for choice on the type of models that may be used to explain a particular phenomenon. Picking a model can be based on the researcher’s knowledge or experience and the simplicity of the model. However, in common applications, the models applied are often not adequate to accurately and efficiently explain underlying phenomenon particularly when it fails to address certain characteristics of the data. In this paper, an appropriate statistical model on the number of vehicular deaths in Ghana is fitted. The Poisson, Negative Binomial (NB), Zero-Inflation Poisson (ZIP) and Zero-Inflation Negative Binomial (ZINB) models, estimated by the method of maximum likelihood, are compared to determine the most appropriate model for the data at hand. In addition, due to the large number of explanatory variables, the backward model selection procedure was adopted to select the most significant factors associated with crash fatalities. After a careful model building process, the ZINB model was identified as the most appropriate for modelling road crash mortality. The model also identified factors such as shoulder type, time of crash, driver’s sex, road environment landmarks, among others as having significant effect on the fatalities during vehicular accidents in Ghana. It is recommended that authorities focus on installing reflective markings on the shoulders of roads and increase education of drivers in adhering to road regulations while also paying keen attention to road environmental landmarks.Item Radiological risk assessment of a proposed site for a generic VVER-1000 using HotSpot and InterRas codes(Progress in Nuclear Energy, 2020-01-07) Gyamfi, K.; Birikorang, S.A.; Ampomah-Amoako, E.; Fletcher, J.J.Umar krachi's poetry between imitation and originality: An assessment of radiological risk of a proposed site for a generic VVER 1000 MW nuclear power plant has been conducted using international radiological assessment system (InterRAS) code and HotSpot Health Physics Code in view of Ghana’s plan to add nuclear energy to her energy mix. The radiological risk assessment was estimated by considering a hypothetical accident event for a generic VVER 1000 MW at the proposed site. The kind of radionuclides to be release from the fuel meat to the gap between the meat and the clad defined the intervention measures and countermeasures. The available radionuclide for the hottest fuel rod was determined by depleting the core, a method sometimes termed as “source term estimation”. The direction of trajectory and Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE) received with the corresponding ground deposition of the released radionuclides were estimated. The right protective actions were determined by estimating the appropriate intervention distances. The maximum TEDE calculated were 3.7 × 10- 1 Sv at 0.1 km and 3.7 ×10- 1 Sv at 0.18 km for InterRAS and HotSpot codes respectively towards the north-east of the release point. Radiological doses of 10 mSv and above was limited to 1.0 km from the point of release. The intervention level for evacuation (50 mSv) ends at 0.5 km for InterRAS code and 0.7 km for HotSpot code. The intervention level for sheltering (10 mSv) also ended at 1.5 km for both InterRAS and HotSpot code. The highest total radionuclide ground deposition was estimated to be approximately 4.0 ×106 kBq m-2 at 0.1 km and 3.8×106 kBq m- 2 at 0.18 km for InterRAS and HotSpot respectively. Beyond 5.0 km distance, the ground deposition was in the range of 0.1–1 kBq m- 2. Generally, the estimated annual effective dose for the public was less than the 1 mSv limit, which is the annual allowable limit for the public. Therefore, with respect to the outcome of the estimated results, there wouldn’t be any radiological risk above the allowable limit, hence the site can be considered as the candidate site for the construction of the proposed nuclear power plant.a close study of two poetic worksItem Survival Pattern of First Accident among Commercial Drivers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana(Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2017-06) Nanga, S.; Odai, N.A.; Lotsi, A.In this study, the average accident risk of commercial drivers in the Greater Accra region of Ghana and its associated risks were examined based on a survey data collected using paper-based questionnaires from 204 commercial drivers from the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The Cox Proportional Hazards Model was used for multivariate analysis while the Kaplan-Meier (KM) Model was used to study the survival patterns of the commercial drivers. The study revealed that the median survival time for an accident to happen is 2.50 years. Good roads provided a better chance of survival than bad roads and experienced drivers have a better chance of survival than the inexperienced drivers. Age of driver, alcohol usage of driver, marital status, condition of road and duration of driver's license were found to be related to the risk of accident.