Browsing by Author "Kpodo, F.M."
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Application of multiple component constraint mixture design for studying the effect of ingredient variations on the chemical composition and physico-chemical properties of soy-peanut-cow milk(International Food Research Journal, 2013-01) Kpodo, F.M.; Afoakwa, E.O.; Amoa, B.B.; Saalia, F.K.S.; Budu, A.S.Investigations were conducted employing a three-component constrained mixture design to formulate milk blends from soy milk, peanut milk and cow milk. Variations in chemical composition and physico-chemical properties of 10-soy-peanut-cow milk (SPCM) formulations were studied. Variations in soy-peanut-cow milk (SPCM) concentrations influenced to varying levels the chemical composition and physico-chemical properties of blends. SPCM formulations containing significant amounts of all three ingredients used (60-70% soy milk, 20-27% peanut milk and 7-20% cow milk) had high crude protein and fat values ranging from 2.20-2.51% and 5.00-6.35% respectively. Increasing soy concentrations caused relative increases in protein content while fat content increased with increasing peanut concentrations. SPCM formulations were high in the minerals Fe and Mn relative to cow milk which was high in Ca and Zn content. Trends in pH were contrary to titratable acidity and increased with increasing soy milk content but decreasing cow milk content. SPCM formulations demonstrated acceptable non-Newtonian behaviour and consistency indices.Item Health risk assessment and levels of toxic metals in fishes (Oreochromis noliticus and Clarias anguillaris) from Ankobrah and Pra basins: Impact of illegal mining activities on food safety(Toxicology Reports, 2020-02-17) Akonor, P.T.; Kortei, N.K.; Heymann, M.E.; Essuman, E.K.; Kpodo, F.M.; Lokpo, S.Y.; Boadi, N.O.; Ayim-Akonor, M.; Tettey, C.Arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are toxic heavy metals that naturally occur in the ecosystem. Their levels are on the rise due to anthropogenic activities posing threat to aquatic wildlife and humans. In Ghana, pollution of some water bodies has led to unsafe consumption of riverine fishes as well as a shortage of treated potable water principally because the cost of treating polluted water has become expensive across the country. This study aimed to assess the As, Hg, Pb and Cd concentrations in water and fishes from rivers Pra and Ankobrah where activities of artisanal gold mining were carried out resulting in gross pollution of the water bodies. An experimental study was performed to ascertain the levels of As, Hg, Pb and Cd in fish species of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis noliticus) and mudfish (Clarias anguillaris) and aquatic media (water) from the Pra and River Ankobrah basins using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) (Varian AA240FS). Both river water samples recorded ranges of 0- 0.0040, 0.0060- 0.0387, 0 - 0.0020, 0.006-0.0093 mg/l for Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and Mercury respectively. For Cadmium and Arsenic, their levels were comparable (p > 0.05). However, detected values for Lead and Mercury were no comparable (p < 0.05). Toxic metals concentrations in the rivers decreased in the order of Hg > Pb > Cd > As. For the fish samples, values ranged 0-0.08, 0.04-0.42, 0-0.04, and 0.40- 0.60 mg/kg for Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and Mercury respectively. Generally, appreciably high values were obtained for Mercury. Toxic metals concentrations in the rivers decreased in the order of Hg > Pb > Cd > As. Human health risk assessment from heavy metal exposure through fish consumption from the Rivers for both children and adults showed no significant non-carcinogenic adverse health risk to humans since all calculated values for Hazard Quotient (HQ) were<1. Nonetheless, Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) values calculated for children and adult exposure to Cadmium and Mercury were>1 which implied a likely cause of adverse effects during a person's lifetime.Item Physicochemical and functional properties of pulp and pectin from agro-waste of three Cucurbitaceae species(Food Chemistry Advances, 2023) Kpodo, F.M.; Jato, J.; Duah, J.Cucurbita pepo L., Citrullus lanatus T. and Cucumis melo L. belong to the family Cucurbitaceae and are cultivated for their seeds. The fruit pulp and peel are discarded as agro-waste after seed removal. This study evaluated the physicochemical and functional properties of the pulp and pectin extracts from the Cucurbitaceae species. Proximate, antioxidant, total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were determined. The purity, structural and sugar constituents of the extracted pectin were analysed using spectrophotometric techniques (NMR, FTIR and LCMS). Results showed that the pulp wastes had high carbohydrate content (28.4 to 69.7%) and demonstrated high antioxidant activities (40 to 50%, 63 to 85% and 0.2 to 0.4 mg mL− 1 for DPPH, ABTS and FRAP respec tively). Cucurbita pepo L. had the highest pectin yield (13.9%), and the purity of the pectin extracts ranged from 60.4 to 75.2% for total carbohydrate and 3.3 to 4.4 % for protein. The pectin extracts showed structural simi larities. LCMS fingerprints of the pectin extracts showed that the monosaccharides comprised of mannose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose and fucose. The polymers demonstrated high water absorption capacities (309 g/100 g to 604 g/100 g) and can be applied as thickeners in food systems.