Browsing by Author "Duque, J."
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Item Incidence of Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza among HIV-Infected versus HIV-Uninfected Individuals in Two Districts of Ghana, 2014 to 2016(The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021) Balachandran, N.; Ntiri, M.; Duque, J.; Addo, C.; Edu-Quansah, E.; Badji, E.; Brightson, K.; Ekua Essumanma, E.E.; Ndahwouh, T.N.; Koram, K.; McMorrow, M.; Ampofo, W.Influenza is known to cause severe respiratory illness inHIV-infected adults, but there are fewdata describing the relationship between HIV infection and influenza inWest African countries such asGhana.We conducted a prospective cohort study in theShai-Osudoku andNingoPrampramdistrictsofGhanafrom2014 to2016.BeginningMay2014, 266HIVinfected and 510HIV-uninfected participants age 18 to 73 years were enrolled andmonitored for 12months.We observed 4 and11 laboratory-confirmedinfluenza casesamongHIV-infectedandHIV-uninfectedpersons, respectively.Theoverall rate of laboratory-confirmedinfluenza amongHIV-infectedparticipantswas 15.0per 1,000person years (PY) (95%CI, 0.3–29.80 per1,000PY),whereas thatamongHIV-uninfectedparticipantswas21.6per1,000PY(95%CI, 8.8–34.3 per 1,000PY) (incidence density ratio, 0.70;P50.56).Our study found no significant difference in the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza- associated illness among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals in Ghana.Item Incidence of medically attended influenza among residents of Shai-Osudoku and Ningo-Prampram Districts, Ghana, May 2013 - April 2015(BioMed Central Ltd., 2016) Ntiri, M.P.; Duque, J.; McMorrow, M.L.; Frimpong, J.A.; Parbie, P.; Badji, E.; Nzussouo, N.T.; Benson, E.-M.; Adjabeng, M.; Dueger, E.; Widdowson, M.-A.; Dawood, F.S.; Koram, K.; Ampofo, W.Background: Influenza vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization for high risk groups, yet few data exist on influenza disease burden in West Africa. Methods: We estimated medically attended influenza-associated illness rates among residents of Shai-Osudoku and Ningo Pram-Pram Districts (SONPD), Ghana. From May 2013 to April 2015, we conducted prospective surveillance for severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and influenza-like illness (ILI) in 17 health facilities. In 2015, we conducted a retrospective assessment at an additional 18 health facilities to capture all SONPD SARI and ILI patients during the study period. We applied positivity rates to those not tested to estimate total influenza cases. Results: Of 612 SARI patients tested, 58 (9%) were positive for influenza. The estimated incidence of influenza-associated SARI was 30 per 100,000 persons (95% CI: 13-84). Children aged 0 to 4years had the highest influenza-associated SARI incidence (135 per 100,000 persons, 95% CI: 120-152) and adults aged 25 to 44years had the lowest (3 per 100,000 persons, 95% CI: 1-7) (p<0.01). Of 2,322 ILI patients tested, 407 (18%) were positive for influenza. The estimated incidence of influenza-associated ILI was 844 per 100,000 persons (95% CI: 501-1,099). The highest incidence of influenza-associated ILI was also among children aged 0 to 4ears (3,448 per 100,000 persons, 95% CI: 3,727 - 3,898). The predominant circulating subtype during May to December 2013 and January to April 2015 was influenza A(H3N2) virus, and during 2014 influenza B virus was the predominant circulating type. Conclusions: Influenza accounted for 9% and 18% of medically attended SARI and ILI, respectively. Rates were substantive among young children and suggest the potential value of exploring the benefits of influenza vaccination in Ghana, particularly in this age group.