Browsing by Author "Bahendeka, S.K."

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BE-SMART (Basal Early Strategies to Maximize HbA1c Reduction with Oral Therapy): Expert Opinion
(Diabetes Therapy, 2019-03-19) Lamptey, R.; Bajaj, S.; Das, A.K.; Kalra, S.; Sahay, R.; Saboo, B.; Das, S.; Shunmugavelu, M.; Jacob, J.; Priya, G.; Khandelwal, D.; Dutta, D.; Chawla, M.; Surana, V.; Tiwaskar, M.; Joshi, A.; Shrestha, P.K.; Bhattarai, J.; Bhowmik, B.; Latt, T.S.; Aye, T.T.; Vijayakumar, G.; Baruah, M.; Jawad, F.; Unnikrishnan, A.G.; Chowdhury, S.; Pathan, M.F.; Somasundaram, N.; Sumanathilaka, M.; Raza, A.; Bahendeka, S.K.; Coetzee, A.; Ruder, S.; Ramaiya, K.; Bavuma, C.; Shaikh, K.; Uloko, A.; Chaudhary, S.; Abdela, A.A.; Akanov, Z.; Rodrı`guez-Saldan˜a, J.; Faradji, R.; Tiago, A.; Reja, A.; Czupryniak, L.
The past three decades have seen a quadruple rise in the number of people affected by diabetes mellitus worldwide, with the disease being the ninth major cause of mortality. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often remains undiagnosed for several years due to its asymptomatic nature during the initial stages. In India, 70% of diagnosed diabetes cases remain uncontrolled. Current guidelines endorse the initiation of insulin early in the course of the disease, specifically in patients with HbA1c > 10%, as the use of oral agents alone is unlikely to achieve glycemic targets. Early insulin initiation and optimization of glycemic control using insulin titration algorithms and patient empowerment can facilitate the effective management of uncontrolled diabetes. Early glucose control has sustained benefits in people with diabetes. However, insulin initiation, dose adjustment, and the need to repeatedly assess blood glucose levels are often perplexing for both physicians and patients, and there are misconceptions and concerns regarding its use. Hence, an early transition to insulin and ideal intensification of treatment may aid in delaying the onset of diabetes complications. This opinion statement was formulated by an expert panel on the basis of existing guidelines, clinical experience, and economic and cultural contexts. The statement stresses the timely and appropriate use of basal insulin in T2DM. It focuses on the seven vital Ts-treatment initiation, timing of administration, transportation and storage, technique of administration, targets for titration, tablets, and tools for monitoring
Cross-sectional study of association between psychosocial stressors with chronic kidney disease among migrant and non-migrant Ghanaians living in Europe and Ghana: the RODAM study
(BMJ Open, 2019-06-17) Adjei, D.N.; Stronks, K.; Adu, D.; Beune, E.; Meeks, K.; Smeeth, L.; Addo, J.; Owusu-Dabo, E.; Klipstein-Grobusch, K.; Mockenhaupt, F.; Schulze, M.; Danquah, I.; Spranger, J.; Bahendeka, S.K.; Agyemang, C.
Objectives The association between psychosocial stressors (PS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations is unknown. We examined the association between PS and CKD prevalence among rural and urban Ghanaians and Ghanaian migrants living in three European cities. We also assessed if the influence of PS on CKD is partially mediated by primary risk factors (hypertension and diabetes) of CKD. Design A multi-centred cross sectional data from the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants study. Setting Rural and urban Ghana and three European cities (Amsterdam, Berlin and London). Participants A random sample of 5659 adults (Europe 3167, rural Ghana 1043 and urban Ghana 1449) aged 25–70 years. Explanatory measures PS defined by negative life events, perceived discrimination, perceived stress at work/ home and depressive symptoms. Three CKD outcomes were considered using the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes severity of CKD classification. Comparisons between PS and CKD outcomes were made using logistic regression analyses across all sites. Results We observed higher proportion of negative life events (68.7%) and perceived permanent stress (15.9%) among Ghanaians living in Ghana than Ghanaians living in Europe. Depressive symptoms (7.5%) and perceived discrimination (29.7%) were more common among Ghanaians living in Europe than Ghanaians living in Ghana. No significant association was observed between any of the PS constructs and CKD outcomes across sites except for positive association between stress at work/home and albuminuria (2.81, 95% CI 1.46 to 5.40) and CKD risk (2.78, 95% CI 1.43 to 5.43) among Ghanaians living in Berlin. Conclusion Our study found a positive association between stress at work/home and albuminuria and CKD risk. There was no convincing evidence of associations between the other PS constructs and the prevalence of CKD risk. Further studies are needed to identify potential factors driving the high prevalence of CKD among these populations.
Psychosocial factors and hypertension prevalence among Ghanaians in Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe: The RODAM study
(Health Psychology Open, 2019-11-12) Awuah, R.B.; Aikins, A.D.; Dodoo, F.N-A.; Meeks, K.A.C.; Beune, E.J.A.J.; Klipstein-Grobusch, K.; Addo, J.; Smeeth, L.; Bahendeka, S.K.; Agyemang, C.
Despite progress made to prevent and control hypertension, its prevalence has persisted in many countries. This study examined the associations between psychosocial factors and hypertension among Ghanaian non-migrants and migrants. Data were drawn from the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) project. Findings show that among migrant women, those who experienced periods of stress at home/work had higher odds of hypertension. Among non-migrants, women with depression symptoms were more likely to be hypertensive. Furthermore, there was a positive association between negative life events and hypertension among non-migrant men. The findings highlight the importance of psychosocial factors in addressing hypertension prevalence in Ghanaian populations.
Psychosocial stressors among Ghanaians in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe
(SAGE, 2022) Awuah, R.B.; Aikins, A.d; Dodoo, F.N.; Meeks, K.A.C.; Beune, E.J.A.J.; Klipstein-Grobusch, K.; Addo, J.; Smeeth, L.; Bahendeka, S.K.; Agyemang, C.
Psychosocial stressors have significant health and socio-economic impacts on individuals. We examined the prevalence and correlates of psychosocial stressors among non-migrant and migrant Ghanaians as there is limited research in these populations. The study was cross-sectional and quantitative in design. A majority of the study participants had experienced stress, discrimination and negative life events. Increased age, female sex, strong social support and high sense of mastery were associated with lower odds of experiencing psychosocial stressors in both populations. Interventions should be multi-level in design, focusing on the correlates which significantly influence the experience of psychosocial stressors