West Africa before Europe

Abstract

For thousands of years Africa has been the object of European curiosity and effort, but with results so little satisfactory to the ancients that, notwithstanding the great conquests of Rome on that continent, in spite of her overthrow of the mightiest State that ever held sway over the destinies of that land, Augustus Caesar, who reigned during the most flourishing period of the Eternal City, in his last will and testament advised the Romans never to invade Africa.